لغات سطح پیشرفته آکسفورد ورد اسکیلز درس 50


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

at stake/æt steɪk/

در معرض خطر در مخاطره

عبارت

2

ballot/ˈbælət/

رای گیری مخفی انتخابات (با رای مخفی)

اسم

On the first ballot Lincoln received only 102 votes to 1732 for Seward.
This policy took definite shape in 1297, when the Doge Pietro Gradenigo proposed and carried the following measure: the supreme court, the Quarantia, was called upon to ballot, one by one, the names of all who for the last four years had held a seat in the great council created in 1171.

vote  poll  election  referendum  plebiscite

3

ballot/ˈbælət/

به صورت مخفی رای دادن رای مخفی دادن

فعل

On the first ballot Lincoln received only 102 votes to 1732 for Seward.
This policy took definite shape in 1297, when the Doge Pietro Gradenigo proposed and carried the following measure: the supreme court, the Quarantia, was called upon to ballot, one by one, the names of all who for the last four years had held a seat in the great council created in 1171.

vote  poll  election  referendum  plebiscite

4

blow up/bloʊ ʌp/

بزرگنمایی کردن غلو کردن

فعل

explode  detonate  go off  be set off  ignite

5

out of proportion/aʊt ʌv prəˈpɔrʃən/

بیش از حد بیشتر از معمول

عبارت

6

deadlock/ˈdedlɑːk/

بن‌بست در بسته، وقفه، بلاتکلیفی

اسم

Negotiations were entered into, but a deadlock ensued.
Finally, in 1871, a "constitutional government" was formed by certain Englishmen under King Thakombau; but this, after incurring heavy debt, and promoting the welfare of neither whites nor natives, came after three years to a deadlock, and the British government felt obliged, in the interest of all parties, to accept the unconditional cession now offered (1874).

stalemate  impasse  checkmate  stand-off
standstill  halt

7

pass the buck/pæs ðə bʌk/

از زیر بار مسئولیت شانه خالی کردن گردن کس دیگری انداختن

عبارت

8

bury one's head in the sand/ˈbɛri wʌnz hɛd ɪn ðə sænd/

مثل کبک سر در برف فرو بردن نادیده گرفتن مشکلات

عبارت

9

closure/ˈkloʊʒər/

(عمل) بستن بسته شدن، تعطیلی، انسداد

اسم

B, Stage after closure of blastopore.
The method of this dorsal closure varies in different insects.

closing down  shutting down  shutdown  winding up
termination  discontinuation

10

set/set/

معین کردن تعیین کردن

فعل

The doctor set a due date of August 17th.
Alex set his cup down beside hers.

put  place  put down  lay  lay down

11

dispute/dɪˈspjut/

مشاجره جدل، مباحثه

اسم

I hate to dispute you, but I'm not miserable.
The charcoal man and his wife listened to this little dispute, and said nothing.

debate  discussion  discourse  disputation  argument

12

settle/ˈsɛtəl/

فیصله دادن پایان دادن

فعل

She'd need that time to settle her business and pack her things.
There was one way to settle the matter.

resolve  sort out  reach an agreement about  find a solution to  find an answer to

13

inclined/ɪnˈklaɪnd/

متمایل خواهان، تمایل داشتن

صفت

She was inclined to decline his offer.
Of a confiding nature, he was inclined to judge others by himself.

disposed  minded  of a mind  willing  ready

14

halt/hɔlt/

متوقف کردن ایستادن، توقف کردن، نگه داشتن، متوقف شدن

فعل

The car came to a halt and then started to roll forward.
The laughter gurgled to a halt in her throat.

stop  come to a halt  come to a stop  come to a standstill  come to rest

15

inclination/ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən/

گرایش تمایل، میل

اسم

The general inclination of the country is from north to south.
high, formed by the gradual inclination of the two sides towards one another.

tendency  propensity  proclivity  leaning
predisposition  disposition

16

industrial dispute/ɪnˈdʌstriəl dɪˈspjut/

درگیری بین کارگر و کارفرما

اسم

17

interfere/ˌɪntərˈfɪr/

دخالت کردن مداخله کردن

فعل

You may call or have friends over anytime you wish - as long as they don't interfere with your work.
Just don't let her interfere with the business.

impede  obstruct  get in the way of  stand in the way of  hinder

18

interference/ˌɪntərˈfɪrəns/

مداخله دخالت

اسم

intrusion  intervention  intercession  involvement  impinging

19

intervene/ˌɪntərˈviːn/

مداخله کردن پادرمیانی کردن، میانجی‌گری کردن

فعل

When she tried to intervene the couple said the girl had just fainted.
The British continued to intervene in the inter-tribal disputes.

occur  happen  take place  arise  crop up

20

intervention/ˌɪntərˈvenʃn/

مداخله پادرمیانی، میانجی‌گری

اسم

Ruling out divine intervention, this baby is yours.
At first her intervention in the business of packing was received skeptically.

involvement  intercession  interceding  interposing  interposition
mediation

21

limit/ˈlɪm.ət/

حد مرز، محدودیت

اسم

We have to limit the strain we place him under or he'll break.
There is a certain limit of time in less than which no amount of heat can melt the snow.

boundary  border  boundary line  bound  bounding line

22

nationalization/ˌnæʃnələˈzeɪʃn/

ملی‌سازی

اسم

state ownership and operation), see an article by Edgar Crammond in the Quarterly Review (London) for October 1909, which cites, among other works on the subject, Clement Edwards's Railway Nationalization (1898); Edwin A.
Pratt's Railway Nationalization (1908), and E.

23

pay/peɪ/

حقوق دستمزد

اسم

How much would you pay for that pan today?
A curse on you who disrupt the master's plans; you will pay dearly when the time of reckoning finally arrives!

reward  reimburse  recompense  give payment to  settle up with

24

precedent/ˈpresɪdənt/

رسم سنت، روال، سابقه

اسم

She was setting a precedent for the future.
Preventing violent crimes and crimes against the weak usually take precedent over fraud and economic crimes.

model  exemplar  example  pattern  previous case

25

privatization/ˌpraɪvətəˈzeɪʃn/

خصوصی‌سازی

اسم

We can tell others about the negative effects of the privatization of water in the UK.
Social Security reform regarding a possible transition to a privatization of Social Security.

deprivation  hardship  poverty  penury  indigence

26

privatize/ˈpraɪvətaɪz/

خصوصی سازی کردن خصوصی سازی شدن

فعل

The government of Trinidad however is proposing to completely privatize the water authority through a 30-year concession next year.
Well, Mozambique certainly did privatize a lot of its formerly state-owned enterprises.

27

proactive/proʊˈæktɪv/

پیش‌کنشگر کنشی، فعال، پویا

صفت

When you take a proactive attitude and steps to put a business continuity plan in place, you are demonstrating to your customers, employees and shareholders that your company will be a stable one, no matter what circumstances lie ahead.
This may be contrary to everything you want to do when anger takes hold, but stepping away from the drama is much more beneficially and proactive than reacting to the power of your anger and other emotions.

enterprising  take-charge  energetic  driven  bold

28

tackle/ˈtæk.l/

مقابله کردن به چیزی پرداختن، غلبه کردن

فعل

He launched himself at the man, only to have four guards tackle him.
A worm-gear tackle of this description is shown in fig.

gear  equipment  apparatus  outfit  kit

29

procrastinate/proʊˈkræstɪneɪt/

تعلل کردن امروز فردا کردن

فعل

If I didn't procrastinate so much, I could get more done.
They don't procrastinate; on the contrary, they practice the "do it now" habit.

delay  put off doing something  postpone action  defer action  be dilatory

30

procrastination/proʊˌkræstɪˈneɪʃn/

تعطل امروز فردا کردن، پشت‌گوش‌اندازی

اسم

Only his arrogance and procrastination and Marys own courage saved her throne.
On the part of Bombay, the Mahratta war was conducted with procrastination and disgrace.

dithering  delaying tactics  dilatoriness  stalling  temporizing

31

prudence/ˈprudəns/

احتیاط ملاحظه

اسم

He was a friend of Pericles and a, man of prudence and moderation.
This office he filled with great prudence and probity, removing many abuses in the administration of justice in Egypt.

wisdom  judgement  good judgement  judiciousness  sagacity

32

prudent/ˈpruːdnt/

محتاط معقول، سنجیده، حسابگر

صفت

She agreed it had been prudent to warn her.
Isn't seeking medical or scientific help a prudent course to take?

wise  well judged  judicious  sagacious  sage

33

record/rɪˈkɔːrd/

رکورد

اسم

Well, you haven't broken your record with me.
There's no record of this.

account  accounts  document  documents  documentation

34

resolution/ˌrɛzəˈluʃən/

راه حل چاره

اسم

The resolution in his face was unmistakable.
Following that resolution, she was up at five the next morning getting ready for work.

intention  resolve  decision  intent  aim

35

resolve/riˈzɑlv/

حل کردن برطرف کردن

فعل

In spite of her resolve, she responded.
I had hoped that you would resolve your problem, but it seems to have no end.

settle  sort out  solve  find a solution to  find an answer to

36

set an example/sɛt ən ɪgˈzæmpəl/

الگو بودن سرمشق بودن

عبارت

37

sort out/sɔrt aʊt/

راست و ریس کردن رسیدگی کردن

فعل

38

standard/ˈstændərd/

استاندارد معیار

اسم

The standard day is longer than ours, about thirty hours instead of twenty-four, with that divided evenly between day and night.
Gabriel understood why the old standard was gone.

quality  level  grade  degree  worth

39

step up/stɛp ʌp/

افزایش دادن افزودن، اضافه کردن

فعل

40

wisdom/ˈwɪzdəm/

عقل درایت، خرد، دانش

اسم

Surprised at the casual wisdom of her words, Gabriel was quiet.
His words are wisdom to those legislators who contemplate no essential reform in the existing government; but for thinkers, and those who legislate for all time, he never once glances at the subject.

sagacity  sageness  intelligence  understanding  insight

41

wise/wɑɪz/

عاقل عاقلانه

صفت

Sarah studied the situation with wise eyes.
I had taken to heart the words of the wise Roman who said, "To be banished from Rome is but to live outside of Rome."

sage  sagacious  intelligent  clever  learned



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