لغات سطح پیشرفته آکسفورد ورد اسکیلز درس 37


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

air force/ˈerˌfɔːrs/

نیروی هوایی

اسم

2

armed/ɑrmd/

مسلح مسلحانه

صفت

He was armed with several knives, and his silver eyes were fiery.
Armed with her notes, she emerged from the library.

upper limb  forelimb  appendage
member
sleeve
inlet  creek  cove

3

combat/ˈkɑmbæt/

نبرد پیکار، مبارزه

اسم

17) but defeated Bentinck in the combat of Ordal (Sept.
They both reached for their combat suits and weapons.

battle  fighting  action  hostilities  conflict

4

armed forces/ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz/

نیروهای مسلح (زمینی، هوایی و دریایی)

اسم

5

army/ˈɑr.mi/

ارتش

اسم

I scouted for the army a few years.
I have four sons in the army but still I don't fret.

armed force  fighting force  defence force  military force  the military

6

assist/əˈsɪst/

کمک کردن مساعدت کردن

فعل

She had the sudden urge to assist him.
The money would assist in taking care of her schooling.

help  aid  abet  lend a hand to  lend a helping hand to

7

authority/əˈθɔrəti/

قدرت اقتدار، اختیار

اسم

Now he was exerting his authority in another way.
I didn't mean to sound like some kind of authority on the subject.

power  jurisdiction  command  control  mastery

8

bank/bæŋk/

بانک

اسم

A bank of clouds was building to the northeast.
Her bank account was rarely over two hundred.

edge  side  embankment  levee  border

9

composed/kəmˈpoʊzd/

متشکل تشکیل‌شده

صفت

"Half-Sister," Sarah corrected, her voice composed again.
He looked startled for a moment, and then composed himself.

calm  collected  cool  calm  and collected

10

branch/bræntʃ/

شعبه

اسم

I've been studying culinary arts for a few years and recently decided to branch out on my own.
It's the closest city with a World Wide branch to Parkside.

bough  limb  arm  offshoot
tributary  feeder

11

chemical/ˈkem.ə.kəl/

شیمیایی

صفت

The chemical smell suggested they were going in the right direction.
The advances were not merely mechanical but chemical as well.

12

civil/ˈsɪvəl/

غیر نظامی

صفت

The last civil war set us back fifty years.
Alex was civil to Señor Medena, if not friendly.

secular  non-religious  lay
laic  laical
non-military  civilian
internal

13

civilian/səˈvɪljən/

(فرد) غیر نظامی

اسم

A civilian dressed older man stepped forward.
Floquet, then an elderly civilian, sufficed to check the enthusiasm of his following.

non-military person  non-combatant  ordinary citizen  private citizen
civvy
non-military  non-combatant

14

command/kəˈmænd/

فرمان دادن دستور دادن

فعل

He sat in the only seat in the tiny craft, studying Ne'Rin, who transmitted from A'Ran's battle command center on the moon that was his interim home.
But when his Serenity took command everything became straight forward.

order  give orders to  give the order to  tell  direct

15

command/kəˈmænd/

(تحت) کنترل (تحت) فرمان، فرمانده، مسئول

اسم

He sat in the only seat in the tiny craft, studying Ne'Rin, who transmitted from A'Ran's battle command center on the moon that was his interim home.
But when his Serenity took command everything became straight forward.

order  give orders to  give the order to  tell  direct

16

compose/kəmˈpoʊz/

تشکیل دادن تشکیل شدن

فعل

Lisa tried to compose her thoughts and expression.
She made an effort to compose herself, taking deep breaths.

write  create  devise  make up  think up

17

comprise/kəmˈpraɪz/

متشکل بودن تشکیل دادن، شامل بودن

فعل

How many comprise the group?
The population is known to comprise a mixture of races.

consist of  be made up of  be composed of  contain  take in

18

conscription/kənˈskrɪpʃn/

خدمت سربازی سربازی اجباری

اسم

Great Britain, without conscription, has no means of raising troops in any such proportion.
Few soldiers were obtained by the conscription, for the government was as weak as it was tyrannical.

19

considerable/kənˈsɪd.ə.rə.bəl/

فراوان قابل توجه، زیاد

صفت

His note pad was ever present and he spent a considerable amount of time on the phone.
She has made considerable progress in the study of arithmetic.

sizeable  substantial  appreciable  significant
goodly  tolerable

20

considerably/kənˈsɪdərəbli/

به طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای بسیار، خیلی

قید

the amount was considerably increased, It was continued till 1869.
I guess the feed bill is considerably smaller, too.

greatly  much  very much  a great deal  a lot

21

consist/kənˈsɪst/

شامل شدن متشکل بودن

فعل

The exports consist of coffee, pepper, cardamoms and coco-nuts.
"What does bringing someone in consist of?" she asked.

be composed  be made up  be formed
comprise  contain  include

22

counter-productive/ˌkaʊntərprəˈdʌktɪv/

ضدتولیدی زیان‌بخش

صفت

admirable in theory but in practice they have become generally counter-productive.
Useless or counter-productive public spending cannot possibly justify the coercion involved in levying taxes.

23

deadly/ˈded.li/

مهلک کشنده

صفت

A rifle cracked, piercing the silence with deadly import.
Why so seeming fast, but deadly slow?

fatal  lethal  mortal  death-dealing  life-threatening
dangerous

24

differentiate/ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃiˌeɪt/

(از هم) متمایز کردن (از هم) تشخیص دادن

فعل

Staining reagents can also be used to differentiate lignified cell-walls.
It is hardly possible to differentiate between imported and indigenous plants.

distinguish  discriminate  make a distinction  draw a distinction  see a difference

25

make a distinction/meɪk ə dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

تمایز قائل شدن

عبارت

26

distinguish/dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ/

تمایز دادن تمایز قائل شدن، تمیز دادن

فعل

She couldn't distinguish whether it was male or female.
Natasha looked in the mirrors and could not distinguish her reflection from the others.

differentiate  tell apart  discriminate  discern  determine

27

diverse/daɪˈvɜrs/

متنوع گوناگون، متفاوت

صفت

Very diverse communities are groups under this class.
The duties of overseers in London had been performed by most diverse bodies.

various  many and various  sundry  manifold  multiple
varied

28

diversity/daɪˈvɜːrsəti/

تنوع گوناگونی

اسم

We are trying to create diversity in the workplace.
Our oceans are home to a rich diversity of species.

variety  miscellany  assortment  mixture  mix

29

domestic/dəˈmes.tɪk/

داخلی

صفت

This is just a domestic disturbance.
So far, wee Maria stood head and shoulders over any other domestic helper Bird Song had employed.

family  home  private
household  domiciliary
housewifely  domesticated

30

draft/dræft/

خدمت اجباری

اسم

It was a draft of the work published in 1650 under the same title.
The facts of the problem would all appear covered by the hypothesis that John the presbyter, the eleven being all dead, wrote the book of Revelation (its more ancient Christian portions) say in 69, and died at Ephesus say in loo; that the author of the Gospel wrote the first draft, here, say in 97; that this book, expanded by him, first circulated within a select Ephesian Christian circle; and that the Ephesian church officials added to it the appendix and published it in 110 -120.

preliminary version  rough sketch  outline  plan  blueprint

31

encompass/ɛnˈkʌmpəs/

در بر گرفتن شامل شدن

فعل

She knelt in front of him and stood on her knees, lifting her arms to encompass his neck.
How am I supposed to encompass so much information in only one lecture?

surround  enclose  ring  encircle  circumscribe

32

enlist/ɪnˈlɪst/

نام‌نویسی کردن (برای سربازی)

فعل

Evidently. I'm wondering why you don't enlist help.
He even made a generous, though unsuccessful, endeavour to enlist the support of Cicero.

join up
join  enrol in  sign up for  volunteer for
take the King's shilling
recruit  call up

33

enlisted/ɪnˈlɪstɪd/

داوطلب خدمت سربازی

صفت

Dean was enlisted as part of the convoy to the popular spot.
You started down this path when you enlisted the help of the Others.

join up
join  enrol in  sign up for  volunteer for
take the King's shilling
recruit  call up

34

exterior/ɪkˈstɪriər/

(نمای) بیرون ظاهر

اسم

She headed for the door in the wall that led from the gardens to the exterior of the compound.
The exterior is covered with black and white marble; the interior is of grey limestone with bands of a dark basaltic stone.

outer  outside  outermost  outward  external

35

exterior/ɪkˈstɪriər/

بیرونی خارجی

صفت

She headed for the door in the wall that led from the gardens to the exterior of the compound.
The exterior is covered with black and white marble; the interior is of grey limestone with bands of a dark basaltic stone.

outer  outside  outermost  outward  external

36

external/ekˈstɜrn.əl/

بیرونی خارجی

صفت

outer  outside  outermost  outward  exterior

37

fundamental/ˌfʌndəˈmɛntəl/

بنیادی ابتدایی، اساسی

صفت

In the end, our fundamental challenge is to become better individuals, and technology offers little help on that front; it is up to each one of us to solve that for ourselves.
The fundamental substance or stroma is colorless and homogeneous.

basic  foundational  rudimentary  elemental  elementary

38

funding/ˈfʌndɪŋ/

تامین بودجه سرمایه‌گذاری، بودجه

اسم

In 1895 an arrangement was made for a reduction of the rate of interest, for the funding of the arrears, and for the creation of a sinking fund.
When we first accepted Mr. Cooms' generous funding, we established this secure connection in case he ever had a need to contact us.

collection  kitty  reserve  pool  purse
endowment

39

guard/ɡɑːrd/

نگهبان زندانبان

اسم

"Alright. Take up guard here," he said, moving away.
I heard you were a guard at Cañon City.

protect  stand guard over  watch over  look after  keep an eye on

40

guard/ɡɑːrd/

محافظت کردن نگهبانی کردن

فعل

"Alright. Take up guard here," he said, moving away.
I heard you were a guard at Cañon City.

protect  stand guard over  watch over  look after  keep an eye on

41

guerrilla warfare/ɡəˈrɪlə ˈwɔːrfer/

جنگ چریکی جنگ پارتیزانی

اسم

42

helicopter/ˈhel.əˌkɑp.tər/

هلیکوپتر

اسم

We've got a helicopter on the way.
The helicopter dropped and caught.

43

huge/hjuːdʒ/

بسیار بزرگ عظیم، گنده

صفت

His eyes looked huge when he was scared.
This is just a really huge place.

enormous  vast  immense  very large  very big

44

in reserve/ɪn rɪˈzɜːv/

برای روز مبادا پس‎انداز (پول)

عبارت

available  at hand  to hand  on hand  on call

45

interior/ɪnˈtɪriər/

داخل درون

اسم

The dark interior set off caution bells again.
Toby called from the interior of the warm car.

inside  inner  internal  intramural
on the inside
inland  inshore

46

interior/ɪnˈtɪriər/

داخلی درونی

صفت

The dark interior set off caution bells again.
Toby called from the interior of the warm car.

inside  inner  internal  intramural
on the inside
inland  inshore

47

internal/ɪnˈtɜrn.əl/

داخلی

صفت

Sofia found the internal bleeding.
She turned to the door, ignoring the internal voice that begged her to spend the night at his home.

inner  interior  inside  intramural
central  middle
inside

48

lethal/ˈliːθl/

مهلک کشنده، مرگبار

صفت

The Watcher took a step back at his lethal tone.
"You get one warning," he said in a tone far more lethal than he'd ever used with her.

fatal  deadly  mortal  causing death  death-dealing

49

weapon/ˈwep.ən/

سلاح

اسم

It wasn't a weapon; it was a key.
He reached for the weapon with a shaking hand.

50

make up/meɪk ʌp/

تشکیل دادن

فعل

be friends again  bury the hatchet  declare a truce  make peace  forgive and forget

51

merely/ˈmɪrli/

فقط تنها، صرفا

قید

He merely asked if she was alright.
Ed merely looked at them and then back at Carmen.

only  purely  solely  simply  entirely

52

military/ˈmɪl.ə.ter.i/

نظامی

صفت

Military science says that the more troops the greater the strength.
There are sacrifices in any military campaign.

fighting  service  army  armed  defence

53

operation/ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃn/

عملیات فعالیت

اسم

The figures ran through our operation like a train past a no-stop station.
Now I'm able to adjust my method of operation accordingly.

functioning  working  running  performance  action

54

military service/ˈmɪləˌtɛri ˈsɜrvəs/

خدمت سربازی خدمت نظامی

اسم

55

missile/ˈmɪsəl/

موشک موشکی

اسم

She dodged a pillow missile and retrieved it from the floor.
Another missile slammed into the street, and the building around her shook.

projectile
trajectile

56

mobilize/ˈmoʊbəlaɪz/

آماده مبارزه شدن آماده‌سازی کردن، بسیج کردن

فعل

began to mobilize an invading force in November 1 743.
Prussia had begun to mobilize in November; and Austria also soon realized that action must speedily be taken if the lesser German governments were not to be allowed to get out of hand.

marshal  deploy  muster  rally  call to arms

57

navy/ˈneɪ.vi/

نیروی دریایی

اسم

The "Norfolk" navy yard is in the southern part of the city of Portsmouth.
At the time when further armaments were suspended, the effective strength of the Argentine navy consisted of 3 ironclads, 6 first-class armoured cruisers, 2 monitors (old), 4 second-class cruisers, 2 torpedo cruisers, 3 destroyers, 3 high-sea torpedo boats, 14 river torpedo boats, 1 training ship, 5 transports, and various auxiliary vessels.

fleet  flotilla  armada  naval force  naval task force

58

nuclear/ˈnuː.kliː.ər/

هسته‌ای

صفت

World War II ushered in the age of nuclear weapons.
Is it OK to dump nuclear waste in the ocean?

59

capability/ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/

توانایی قابلیت

اسم

My communications capability is limited.
He had always been the enemy with the most capability to harm her, yet did the most to help her.

ability  capacity  power  potential  potentiality
competence

60

nuclear reactor/ˌnuːkliər riˈæktər/

رآکتور هسته‌ای

اسم

61

parachute/ˈpær.əˌʃuːt/

چتر نجات

اسم

The helicopter righted itself fast, and she saw the parachute Brady had been trying to release by smashing his fist against the control box in the ceiling.
The top of the buggy caught the air like a parachute or an umbrella filled with wind, and held them back so that they floated downward with a gentle motion that was not so very disagreeable to bear.

62

peacekeeping/ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/

صلح‌بانی حفظ صلح

صفت

They are a peacekeeping order, dedicated to protecting and using the "light side" of the Force.
A diplomat by nature, he had long served in the peacekeeping capacity among his brothers, before he was rendered dead-dead seven months before.

63

reserve/rɪˈzɜːrv/

نیروی ذخیره ارتش احتیاط

اسم

Despite his reserve, he could tell Dusty liked her.
Our reserve units were able to join up, and the fight was at an end.

put to one side  put aside  set aside  lay aside  keep back
keep

64

serve/sɜːrv/

خدمت کردن کمک کردن

فعل

I serve my own purpose.
We all serve the same cause of protecting those weaker than us from evil.

work for  be in the service of  perform duties for  be employed by  have a job with
obey

65

tank/tæŋk/

تانک

اسم

We checked out the tank and the mileage.
The tank top displayed his thick biceps and shapely shoulders.

container  receptacle  vat  cistern  barrel

66

military/ˈmɪl.ə.ter.i/

ارتش

اسم

Military science says that the more troops the greater the strength.
There are sacrifices in any military campaign.

fighting  service  army  armed  defence

67

unarmed combat/əˈnɑrmd ˈkɑmbæt/

مبارزه بدون سلاح مبارزه غیر مسلح

اسم

68

vest/vest/

جلیقه

اسم

Next he removed the vest and placed it neatly beside the jacket.
It was known as the Vest Recklinghausen.

entrust to  invest in  bestow on  confer on  grant to

69

warfare/ˈwɔːrfer/

جنگ

اسم

I'm an urban warfare tactics trainer, specializing in tracking.
Commercial warfare was to be avoided because of the cost.

fighting  war  combat  conflict  armed conflict

70

former/ˈfɔːr.mər/

اولی (در بین دو چیز)

ضمیر

She felt too bad for the former goddess to walk away.
Prince Vasili, who still occupied his former important posts, formed a connecting link between these two circles.

one-time  erstwhile  sometime  late  as was
previous

71

latter/ˈlætər/

دومی (از بین دو چیز)

ضمیر

She liked the latter plan much better.
Faced with those two, I would far prefer the latter.

later  hindmost  closing  end  concluding



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