لغات سطح پیشرفته آکسفورد ورد اسکیلز درس 1


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

ambiguity/ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːəti/

ابهام دوپهلویی

اسم

Their actions showed moral ambiguity.
The ambiguity begins to disappear as more explanations are made.

ambivalence  equivocation
obscurity  vagueness  abstruseness  doubtfulness

2

ambiguous/æmˈbɪgjuəs/

مبهم دوپهلو

صفت

Her songs are intentionally ambiguous.
The ending was more ambiguous, one in which the future of the world was in question.

equivocal  ambivalent  open to debate  open to argument  arguable

3

current/ˈkɜr.ənt/

فعلی جاری، کنونی

صفت

The current balance owed was over four hundred dollars.
This is the current battle situation.

contemporary  present-day  present  contemporaneous  ongoing
topical

4

dated/ˈdeɪtɪd/

قدیمی از مد افتاده

صفت

All the letters were dated between November of 1898 and January of 1900.
Most of the boys she dated would never have thought of practicing the age-old custom of walking around the car to open her door, or guiding her through the crowd with a gentle hand on one elbow.

old-fashioned  out of fashion  out of date  outdated  outmoded

5

derogatory/dɪˈrɑːɡətɔːri/

خوارکننده خفت‌بار، موهن

صفت

derogatory sense.
Leopold hesitated and finally rejected the proposals as derogatory to ' his dignity.

disparaging  denigratory  belittling  diminishing  slighting

6

disapproving/ˌdɪsəˈpruːvɪŋ/

مخالف سرزنش‌آمیز

صفت

Bianca gave him a disapproving look that quickly melted into a smile.
He answered the staff captain's question by a disapproving shake of his head.

reproachful  reproving  full of reproof
critical  criticizing  censorious

7

exact/ɪgˈzækt/

دقیق

صفت

I didn't have an exact date.
Medicine isn't an exact science.

precise  accurate  correct  faithful  close

8

figurative/ˈfɪɡərətɪv/

استعاری تمثیلی، مجازی

صفت

It was an abstract of Christian doctrine in a vague and figurative way.
The figurative nature of the language respecting the future makes it difficult to determine precisely the thought of the book on this point; but it seems to contemplate continued existence hereafter for both righteous and wicked, and rewards and punishments allotted on the basis of moral character.

metaphorical  non-literal  symbolic  allegorical  representative

9

figuratively/fɪˈgjʊrətɪvli/

به طور استعاری مجازا

قید

I think I'll get back into the saddle a little – figuratively speaking.
neophyte is figuratively bound.

metaphorical  non-literal  symbolic  allegorical  representative

10

hint/hɪnt/

ذره مقدار کم، اندکی

اسم

Brennan offered a hint of information.
The kind man's face held a hint of sympathy.

clue  inkling  suggestion  indication  indicator

11

irony/ˈaɪrəni/

کنایه طعنه، تناقض

اسم

I failed to detect any irony in his tone.
He loved the irony of the situation.

sarcasm  sardonicism  dryness  causticity  sharpness

12

insult/ˈɪn.sʌlt/

توهین کردن اهانت کردن

فعل

offend  cause offence to  give offence to  affront  abuse

13

insulting/ɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/

توهین‌آمیز

صفت

The inference was insulting.
"I'm not sure if you're insulting me or complimenting me," she said with a puzzled smile.

abusive  rude  vulgar  offensive  wounding

14

interchangeable/ˌɪntərˈtʃeɪndʒəbəl/

قابل تعویض تبادل‌پذیر، قابل مبادله، مشابه

صفت

But it is possible that the terms at an early date were interchangeable, Canaan being geographical and Amorite ethnical.
This cipher alphabet is called Albam, from the first interchangeable pairs.

exchangeable  transposable  replaceable
identical  similar  alike

15

interpret/ɪnˈtɜrprət/

تفسیر کردن درک کردن، برداشت کردن

فعل

He had no idea how to interpret the warning.
Uncertain how to interpret his quietness, she tried to figure out what to say.

explain  elucidate  expound  explicate  clarify

16

interpretation/ɪnˌtɜrprɪˈteɪʃən/

تفسیر شرح، برداشت

اسم

He grinned as he realized her interpretation of his answer.
His interpretation of the conversation was decidedly different.

explanation  elucidation  expounding  exposition  explication

17

ironic/aɪˈrɑnɪk/

طعنه‌آمیز کنایه دار

صفت

There were ironic cheers from the side that lost the game.
It is ironic to think that, in later years, the police would require help themselves.

sarcastic  sardonic  dry  caustic  sharp

18

literal/ˈlɪtərəl/

لفظی تحت‌اللفظی

صفت

They consider themselves bound by the literal interpretation of James v.
An increasing stress was laid on the literal sense of Scripture.

strict  factual  plain  simple  bare

19

literally/ˈlɪt̬.ə.rə.li/

(به طور) تحت‌اللفظی واژه به واژه

قید

Well, not literally, but close.
She'd never thought he meant she'd literally help revive the planet.

verbatim  word for word  line for line  letter for letter  to the letter
exactly

20

make fun of/meɪk fʌn ʌv/

مسخره کردن

عبارت

taunt  poke fun at  chaff  tease  make jokes about

21

mock/mɑːk/

مسخره کردن دست انداختن

فعل

She glanced at him with mock innocence.
The two young nobles, after a mock trial, were decapitated (November 1440).

ridicule  jeer at  sneer at  deride  treat with contempt

22

old-fashioned/ˌoʊld ˈfæʃnd/

قدیمی دمده

صفت

The owner prides herself on the exquisite cuisine, old-fashioned courtesy and personal attention given to all customers. 
The people were dressed in old fashioned clothes.

out of date  outdated  dated  out  out of fashion

23

opaque/oʊˈpeɪk/

مبهم نارسا، ناواضح، دشوار (فهم)

صفت

Windows that can't be broken and can switch from opaque to clear.
Crystals of barytes may be transparent and colourless, or white and opaque, or of a yellow, brown, bluish or greenish colour.

non-transparent  cloudy  filmy  blurred  smeared

24

wrapping paper/ˈræpɪŋ ˈpeɪpər/

کاغذ کادو

اسم

25

pejorative/pəˈʤɔrətɪv/

تحقیرآمیز تحقیرکننده

صفت

Using pejorative words to describe young people makes them feel less important.
Some medical terms were clearly pejorative and have since been abandoned.

disparaging  derogatory  denigratory  deprecatory  defamatory

26

phase/feɪz/

فاز مرحله

اسم

Her life was about to enter its next phase of the nightmare.
Okay, next phase completed.

stage  period  chapter  episode  part

27

poke fun at/poʊk fʌn æt/

مسخره کردن مورد تمسخر قرار دادن، دست انداختن

عبارت

mock  make fun of  laugh at  make jokes about  ridicule

28

precise/prɪˈsɑɪs/

دقیق

صفت

That's why he has so many precise numbers.
So much is certain, though the precise incidents of the interview are variously told.

exact  accurate  correct  error-free  pinpoint

29

precision/prɪˈsɪʒn/

دقت ظرافت

اسم

He made a precision cut through the meat.
These excerpts, however, have been so pieced together, that it is often impossible to separate them with precision, and to distinguish accurately between earlier and later elements.

exactness  exactitude  accuracy  accurateness  correctness

30

sarcasm/ˈsɑːrkæzəm/

متلک کنایه، طعنه

اسم

"Exactly," she said with enough sarcasm that he chuckled.
She took his sarcasm as a sign that he felt better.

derision  mockery  ridicule  satire  irony

31

sarcastic/sɑːrˈkæstɪk/

طعنه‎آمیز نیش‎دار، کنایه‎آمیز

صفت

She gave him a sarcastic smile.
"Wonderful," was the sarcastic response.

sardonic  ironic  ironical  satirical
derisive  scornful

32

self-explanatory/ˌself ɪkˈsplænətɔːri/

بدیهی مبرهن، آشکار، بی‌نیاز به توضیح

صفت

Most online quote requests are fairly self-explanatory, and websites frequently offer assistance in filling out the form.
This outfit is self-explanatory; however, one potential pitfall can lie in color selection.

easily understood  readily comprehensible  intelligible  straightforward  unambiguous

33

sense/sens/

معنی مفهوم

اسم

He also had a sense of responsibility about it.
I can sense it and I'm never wrong.

sensory faculty  feeling  sensation  perception
sight  hearing

34

slang/slæŋ/

زبان عامیانه زبان لاتی

اسم

Because of this, "two bits" is still slang for twenty-five cents in the United States.
The word is of frequent use as a slang term - e.g.

informal language  colloquialisms  idioms  patois  argot

35

soul/soʊl/

روح نفس

اسم

Carmen had been his soul mate for a long time.
Love is at the soul of everything.

spirit  psyche  self  inner self  innermost self

36

spirit/ˈspɪr.ɪt/

روح

اسم

soul  psyche  inner self  inner being  essential being
pneuma
anima

37

stage/steɪdʒ/

مرحله بازه

اسم

He was in the stage play Boo!
The only business experience she had was the goat dairy, the non-functional farm and a horse ranch that had been in the fetal stage for years.

phase  period  juncture  step  point

38

synonym/ˈsɪnənɪm/

مترادف هم‌معنی

اسم

Actually, only some foreign counts could be said to be equivalent to English earls; but "earl" is always translated by foreigners by words (comte, Graf) which in English are represented by "count," itself never used as the synonym of "earl."
The Parisians received the news of the event with joy, believing that freedom was now at last to be established on a firm basis by the man whose name was the synonym for victory in the field and disinterestedness in civil affairs.

39

synonymous/səˈnɑnəməs/

مترادف هم‌معنی

صفت

We cannot, therefore, call it precisely synonymous with theism.
The riddance of an evil influence is often synonymous with the introduction of the good principle, and therefore it is best to consider first the use of anointing in consecrations.

40

trace/treɪs/

اثر نشانه، رد

اسم

They can trace it!
I used my charge card and he'll trace us here.

track down  find  discover  detect  unearth

41

transparent/trænˈspɛrənt/

شفاف آشکار، واضح

صفت

Other nations are becoming more transparent as well.
He stood on the balcony, visible beyond the transparent curtains rustling in the moving haze.

see-through  clear  translucent  pellucid  crystal clear

42

virtually/ˈvɜr.tʃu.ə.li/

به طور مجازی مجازا

قید

Yet in reality, virtually everyone has.
In just a few years, virtually all phones will be camera phones.

in effect  effectively  all but  more or less  practically



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