درس دوم - مردم و مکان‌ها


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

Where are you from?/wɛr ɑr ju frʌm?/

اهل کجایی؟ کجایی هستید؟

جمله

2

nationality/ˌnæʃ.əˈnæl.ət̬.i/

ملیت

اسم

Nationality of Immigrants to the United States, 1901-1905.
The two parts of this play, like all those by Castro, have the genuine ring of the old romances; and, from their intense nationality, no less than for their primitive poetry and flowing versification, were among the most popular pieces of their day.

citizenship
the right to hold a passport
ethnic group  ethnic minority  tribe  clan  race

3

Mexican/ˈmɛksəkən/

اهل مکزیک مکزیکی

اسم

It's a descendant of the Mexican earless goat.
The Main Street Mexican restaurant was uncrowded on this winter evening.

4

Spanish/ˈspænɪʃ/

اهل اسپانیا اسپانیایی

اسم

Would it be read in Spanish or English?
The driver took them to a Spanish design home a few miles from the hacienda.

5

British/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

بریتانیایی انگلیسی

اسم

Megan spoke with a gentle British lilt, and her dark eyes took in everything as they walked.
"Ully, you're not supposed to be down here!" she called without turning in a distinct British accent.

6

American/əˈmɛrəkən/

امریکایی

اسم

I'm an American; we don't have masters.
"Awesome tat," a distinctly American male voice said.

the United States of America, the USA, the States, the land of the free, God's own country
the US of A
Columbia

7

Canadian/kəˈneɪdiən/

کانادایی

اسم

But first, I feel the urge to partake of Canadian hospitality.
In opposition to the Canadian Pacific railway a southern line was built from Winnipeg to the American boundary.

8

Chinese/ʧaɪˈniz/

فرد چینی اهل چین

اسم

Chinese nurse came to see me, her name was Asu.
"Since we're here …" Traci said, eyes going to a Chinese buffet.

9

South Korean/saʊθ kɔˈriən/

اهل کره جنوبی

اسم

10

Brazilian/brəˈzɪljən/

برزیلی اهل برزیل

اسم

Marie galante is a harsh cotton of the Peruvian or Brazilian type.
On the 9th of December 1905 protocols were signed at Caracas accepting the line between Cucuhy and the Serra Cupuy located in 1880, and referring the remainder, which had been located by a Brazilian commission in 1882 and 1884, to a mixed commission for verification.

11

Turkish/ˈtɜrkɪʃ/

اهل ترکیه ترکی

اسم

The public buildings of chief interest are the kasbah, the government offices (formerly the British consulate), the palaces of the governor-general and the archbishop - all these are fine Moorish houses; the "Grand" and the "New" Mosques, the Roman Catholic cathedral of St Philippe, the church of the Holy Trinity (Church of England), and the Bibliotheque Nationale d'Alger - a Turkish palace built in 1799-1800.
Gladys waddled downstairs, strung in more beads than the draped back room doorway of a Turkish dope den.

12

Chilean/ˈtʃɪliən/

اهل شیلی شیلیایی

اسم

on the Chilean frontier.
(British), the Compania Sud-America (Chilean), the Kosmos and Roland lines (German), the Merchants line (New York), and a Japanese line from the ports of Japan and China.

13

Saudi/ˈsaʊdi/

اهل عربستان سعودی

اسم

The prince publicly reprimand a few of the Saudi staff to ensure the message gets across to them all.
abducted the children from their home in England, taking them to Saudi Arabia in contempt of court.

14

Thai/taɪ/

اهل تایلند تایلندی

اسم

The financial year 1862 closed with a deficit of more thai 16,000,000, which increased in 1866 to 28,840,000 on account 0 the preparations for the war against Austria.
This Thai family includes the Shans proper, and the Siamese.

15

Greek/grik/

اهل یونان یونانی

اسم

Even Greek can be embossed in it, as you know.
It is an antique style, older than Greek or Egyptian.

16

Peruvian/pəˈruːviən/

اهل پرو پرویی

اسم

long., where the Peruvian section ends.
Iquique was an insignificant Peruvian fishing settlement until 1830 when the export of nitrate began.

17

Ecuadorian/ˌekwəˈdɔːriən/

اهل اکوادور اکوادوری

اسم

A disagreement with Peru in 1828 resulted in the invasion of Ecuador and the temporary occupation of Cuenca and Guayaquil by Peruvian forces; but peace was restored in the following year after the Ecuadorian victory at Tarqui.
To this end the transfer of the vessel was made to Ecuador, and she proceeded to Ecuadorian waters.

18

Colombian/kəˈlʌmbiən/

اهل کلمبیا کلمبیایی

اسم

They found two more body parts last night and they don't match up with any of the earlier ones unless some Colombian had three legs.
The separation of the Colombian republic into its three original parts took place in 1830, and in 1834 the foreign debt contracted was divided among the three, Venezuela being charged with 282%, or £2,794,826, of which £906,430 were arrears of interest.

19

Japanese/ˌʤæpəˈniz/

اهل ژاپن ژاپنی

اسم

The Japanese have produced few books of importance, and their compositions are chiefly remarkable as being lighter and more secular than is usual in Asia, but the older Chinese works take high rank both for their merits and the effect they have had.
The Japanese books are very odd.

20

Australian/ɔˈstreɪljən/

استرالیایی

اسم

There are no mountains behind the Great Australian Bight.
Another point agreed upon is that the Australian flora is one of vast antiquity.

21

Australia/ɔˈstreɪljə/

استرالیا

اسم

22

Brazil/brəˈzɪl/

برزیل

اسم

It runs conterminous with the southern border of Brazil, and lies between 30° and 35° S.
MACEIO or Macayo, a city and port of Brazil and capital of the state of Alagoas, about 125 m.

23

Britain/ˈbrɪtən/

بریتانیا

اسم

This was fine with Great Britain but not with Maine.
By the end of the month, Japan, bound by treaty with Great Britain, declared war on Germany.

the United Kingdom, the UK, Great Britain, the British Isles
Blighty
Albion

24

Canada/ˈkænədə/

کانادا

اسم

25

Chile/ˈtʃɪli/

شیلی

اسم

26

China/ˈʧaɪnə/

چین

اسم

A matching china cabinet held fine china, crystal and silverware.
In 1966, Mao Zedong closed the universities in China and sent their students and professors to the country to farm.

porcelain
dishes  plates  cups and saucers  crockery  dinner service

27

Colombia/kəˈlʌmbiə/

کلمبیا

اسم

CALI, an inland town of the department of Cauca, Colombia, South America, about 180 m.
The Church now has, besides these missions, others in India (1834), Siam (1840), China (1846),(1846), Colombia (1856), Brazil (1859),(1859), Japan (1859), Laos (1867),(1867), Mexico (transferred in 1872 by the American and Foreign Christian Union), Chile (transferred in 1873 by the same Union; first established in 1845), Guatemala (1882),(1882), Korea (1884)(1884) and the Philippine Islands (1899).

28

Ecuador/ˈɛkwəˌdɔr/

اکوادور

اسم

The Galapagos Islands are of some commercial importance to Ecuador, on account of the guano and the orchilla moss found on them and exported to Europe.
of Ecuador, to which country they belong.

29

Greece/gris/

یونان

اسم

The most famous adytum in Greece was in the temple of Apollo at Delphi.
I read the histories of Greece, Rome and the United States.

30

Japan/ʤəˈpæn/

ژاپن

اسم

0.8 o.68 Japan I I British India.
North China and Japan also have many forms of life in common.

31

Mexico/ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ/

(کشور) مکزیک

اسم

32

Peru/pəˈruː/

پرو

اسم

by Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia.
To prevent internal trade with Peru a custom-house was set up at Cordoba to levy a duty of 50% on everything in transit to and from the river Plate.

33

Saudi Arabia/ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə/

عربستان سعودی

اسم

34

South Korea/saʊθ kɔˈriə/

کره جنوبی

اسم

35

Spain/speɪn/

اسپانیا

اسم

by Spain as far as Cape Ortegal.
A few months after her return from Spain her father was killed by a fall from his horse.

36

Thailand/ˈtaɪˌlænd/

تایلند

اسم

Many people believe the white elephant is a Chinese icon when in fact the mythology surrounding such a rare occurrence in nature comes from Thailand.
adventurous traveler can be found in the North of Thailand.

37

Turkey/ˈtɜːrki/

ترکیه

اسم

"More like the turkey," she answered.
I happen to be going that way, and I will carry your turkey, if you will allow me.

38

United States of America/juˈnaɪtəd steɪts ʌv əˈmɛrəkə/

ایالات متحده امریکا

اسم

America, the States, the USA, the land of the free, God's own country
the US of A
Columbia

39

neighbor/ˈneɪ.bər/

همسایه

اسم

40

email/ˈiː.meɪl/

ایمیل پست الکترونیکی

اسم

My email address is in there, too.
Why would I want to email you?

41

number/ˈnʌm.bər/

عدد شماره (تلفن)

اسم

You have my number, don't you?
Soon they came into the main road where a number of the king's men were waiting.

numeral  integer  figure  digit
character  symbol
whole number

42

phone number/foʊn ˈnʌmbər/

شماره تلفن

اسم

43

zero/ˈzɪr.oʊ/

صفر عدد 0

عدد

Dean pushed each of the four buzzers, with zero response.
Zero is a cardinal number.

nought  nothing  cipher  nil  0
null character
naught
nothing

44

one/wʌn/

یک عدد 1

عدد

"One person cannot be called 'people,'" said the Sorcerer.
One brow shot up.

unit  item
monad
a single  a solitary  a sole  a lone
only

45

two/tuː/

دو عدد 2

عدد

They had two adopted children already.
Two children, brother and sister, were on their way to school.

pair  duo  duet  dyad  duplet

46

three/θri/

سه عدد 3

عدد

Put three in each shoe.
All three girls laughed.

trio  threesome  triad  troika  triumvirate

47

four/fɔːr/

چهار عدد 4

عدد

We actually have four children now.
In the study were four gentlemen of the diplomatic corps.

quartet  foursome  tetralogy  quadruplets
quatrain  tetrastich
quadruplet
quaternion

48

five/fɑɪv/

پنج عدد 5

عدد

I've waited at that station for five hours.
I'm sorry you're unhappy with my questions, but I need to know why you suddenly needed a girl after going five years without any.

quintet, quintuplets
pentameter, cinquain
pentad
quintain
quintuple, fivesome

49

six/sɪks/

شش عدد 6

عدد

Dinner will be ready at six O'clock.
Six, but who's counting?

sextet, sextuplets
sestet, sestina, senarius, sixain
hexad
sixsome






50

seven/ˈsev.ən/

هفت عدد 7

عدد

I might as well drive for seven hours.
I knew someone who received that sacrament seven times.

septet, septuplets
heptameter, septenarius
heptad
sevensome, septenary

51

eight/eɪt/

هشت عدد 8

عدد

It was already nearing eight o'clock.
He drew from his inside pocket one of the eight tiny piglets that were remaining and continued:

octet  eightsome  octuplets
octrain  octameter
octuplet  octave
octad
ogdoad

52

nine/nɑɪn/

نه عدد 9

عدد

It's not even nine o'clock here.
She's Julie's nine year old daughter.

nonet
ennead, ninesome

53

ten/ten/

ده عدد 10

عدد

What she knew was that her father and his lies had skewed her outlook on her world for ten years.
The way things are going now, I'm lucky to save ten dollars a week.

decade
decad, decuplet
tensome

54

What's your phone number?/wʌts jʊər foʊn ˈnʌmbər?/

شماره تلفن شما چیست؟

جمله

55

family/ˈfæm.ə.li/

خانواده

اسم

The babies were healthy and by mid-August, they would have two new family members.
What a big family it was!

household  ménage
nuclear family
brood
relatives  relations  blood relations  family members

56

member/ˈmem.bər/

عضو

اسم

I'm showing a new member to her room.
"He knows a member of his family helped me," was the response.

subscriber  associate  representative  attender  insider

57

grandmother/ˈgrændˌmʌð.ər/

مادربزرگ

اسم

Grandmother is going to make me two new dresses.
Albany had to blockade Margaret in Stirling Castle before she would surrender her sons, After being obliged to capitulate, Margaret returned to Edinburgh, and being no longer responsible for the custody of the king she fled to England in September, where a month later she bore to Angus a daughter, Margaret, who afterwards became countess of Lennox, mother of Lord Darnley and grandmother of James I.

grandma  granny
babushka
bubbie
ouma
abuela
nonna
gran  nana  nan  grandmum
gramma
grandmom

58

grandfather/ˈgrændˌfɑð.ər/

پدربزرگ

اسم

Her grandfather knew my father a long time ago.
Seconds literally ticked away on the old grandfather clock in the next room.

grandad  grandpa  grandpop
gramps  grand daddy
abuelo
nonno
founder  inventor

59

grandparent/ˈgrændˌper.ənt/

پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ

اسم

Although there are professionally trained and certified infant massage therapists, the obvious first choice to massage the baby is the mother, father, grandparent, or guardian.
Schools: The foster grandparent program provides a wonderful opportunity for seniors to work with school children as teachers' helpers within the classroom and throughout the school, as needed.

60

mother/ˈmʌð.ər/

مادر

اسم

I live with my mother and daughter.
I knew because he proved to me that I could trust him with my heart and soul - the way you trust your mother and father.

female parent  materfamilias  matriarch
biological mother  birth mother  foster mother

61

mom/mɑm/

مامان

اسم

Mom always had a good relationship with her sister and brother.
Mom is fixing supper and I'm sure she has something you can wear in the morning.

62

father/ˈfɑð.ər/

پدر

اسم

Father will buy me a lovely new watch.
His father had connections... in Columbia?

male parent  begetter  patriarch  paterfamilias
biological father  birth father
adoptive father

63

dad/dæd/

بابا

اسم

No, Dad said today.
Dad thinks it's a real coo, but Mom doesn't much care for the idea.

64

parents/ˈpɛrənts/

والدین اولیا، پدر و مادر

اسم

We love our parents, siblings and friends.
Parents whose children are in the military generally aren't the ones hawkishly pushing for war.

mother  father
biological parent  birth parent  adoptive father  adoptive mother

65

children/ˈʧɪldrən/

کودکان فرزندان، [صورت جمع واژه : child]

اسم

A house without children is not a home.
They had two adopted children already.

youngster  young one  little one  boy  girl
baby

66

kid/kɪd/

بچه

اسم

Country kids need a good nurse as much as a city kid, you know.
Would the kid answer to a name?

child  youngster  little one  young one  baby

67

wife/waɪf/

همسر زن

اسم

My wife looked up from her lap top.
His mother and his wife are still there.

spouse  partner  mate  consort  woman

68

husband/ˈhʌz.bənd/

شوهر

اسم

He was a good husband and father.
Sharon was born shortly after my husband remarried.

spouse  partner  mate  consort  man
groom

69

daughter/ˈdɔːtər/

(فرزند) دختر فرزند مونث

اسم

A daughter, I suppose?
Giddon and his daughter were already seated.

female child, girl
lass

70

son/sʌn/

(فرزند) پسر فرزند مذکر

اسم

male child, boy, son and heir
descendant, offspring
lad

71

brother/ˈbrʌð.ər/

برادر

اسم

She remembered her brother and his love.
She wept because her brother teased her very much.

male sibling
bro
bruvver  bruv
colleague  associate  companion  partner

72

sister/ˈsɪs.tər/

خواهر

اسم

Think of us like sister and brother.
Howard had insisted on picking up his little sister that night for safety reasons.

female sibling
sis
skin and blister
comrade  friend  partner  associate  colleague
nun

73

only/ˈoʊn.li/

تنها

صفت

I only wish there was a real horse here for me to race with.
Only Nick noticed her standing in the door.

at most  at best  just  only just  no more than

74

young/jʌŋ/

جوان کم سن

صفت

The young girl ran off without a word.
"Oh, there is no need of that," said the voice, which from its gentle tones seemed to belong to a young girl.

youthful  juvenile
junior  adolescent  teenage  teenaged
immature

75

eleven/ɪˈlev.ən/

یازده عدد 11

عدد

76

twelve/twelv/

دوازده عدد 12

عدد

The porcelain clock on the wall proclaimed the time as ten minutes until twelve, but it didn't seem that late.
I was then twelve years old.

dozen, zodiac
dodecuplet
duodecad

77

thirteen/θɜrtˈtiːn/

سیزده عدد 13

عدد

78

fourteen/fɔːrtˈtiːn/

چهارده عدد 14

عدد

For her, the last fourteen months had been nothing short of heaven on earth.
Fourteen left - two of those wounded.

79

fifteen/fɪfˈtiːn/

پانزده عدد 15

عدد

Fifteen minutes later she was knocking on Lori's door.
Ten years later, in 1959, Francois Genuys used an IBM 704 and calculated pi to more than fifteen thousand digits in just four hours.

80

sixteen/sɪkˈstiːn/

شانزده عدد 16

عدد

I'll be sixteen in a month.
Instead of sixteen hundred rubles he had a long column of figures scored against him, which he had reckoned up to ten thousand, but that now, as he vaguely supposed, must have risen to fifteen thousand.

81

seventeen/ˌsev.ənˈtiːn/

هفده عدد 17

عدد

At seventeen, Jenny would easily have passed for twenty-one.
Open it at sixteen hundred today and close it at seventeen twenty.

82

eighteen/eɪtˈtiːn/

هجده عدد 18

عدد

Brandon is eighteen, and Ashley will be soon.
So, when he was eighteen years old, he ran away from his pleasant home and went to sea.

83

nineteen/nɑɪnˈtiːn/

نوزده عدد 19

عدد

In the first place she had nineteen months' experience of sight and sound.
==Fauna== Animal life is generally deficient throughout the Andamans, especially as regards mammalia, of which there are only nineteen separate species in all, twelve of these being peculiar to the islands.

84

twenty/ˈtwen.ti/

بیست عدد 20

عدد

There were twenty of them, far more than the small house could hold.
We still have more tests we could run but up to twenty four to forty eight hours; I'm pretty close on both time and location.

score

85

twenty-one/ˈtwɛnti-wʌn/

بیست و یک

عدد

Each of the twenty-one items have four answer choices with point values assigned to each choice.
He just turned twenty-one and he thinks he is a man now.

86

twenty-two/ˈtwɛnti-tu/

بیست و دو

عدد

At the age of twenty-two Avicenna lost his father.
It was a catch twenty-two.

score

87

twenty-three/ˈtwɛnti-θri/

بیست و سه

عدد

The same woman who would die in twenty-three years from ovarian cancer.
It was something normal people did during this time of year, something she'd done every year for twenty-three years.

88

twenty-four/ˈtwɛnti-fɔr/

بیست و چهار

عدد

She had nearly run him down, slapped his face and taken him away from his work in less than twenty-four hours.
We still have more tests we could run but up to twenty four to forty eight hours; I'm pretty close on both time and location.

89

twenty-five/ˈtwɛnti-faɪv/

بیست و پنج

عدد

Apparently he was shipping someone twenty-five thousand dollars worth of cocaine.
The latest entry was to a Sharon Dobson in the amount of twenty-five thousand.

90

twenty-six/ˈtwɛnti-sɪks/

بیست و شش

عدد

Birth information showed her age at twenty-six.
She recalled nothing beyond her human age of twenty-six years.

91

twenty-seven/ˈtwɛnti-ˈsɛvən/

بیست و هفت

عدد

You've got twenty-seven minutes to get out of here before Jimmy levels this place.
And I'm still bothered that there are twenty-seven characters used and not just twenty-six.

92

twenty-eight/ˈtwɛnti-eɪt/

بیست و هشت

عدد

When we married, I was twenty-eight and he was fifty-two—nearly twice my age—two years older than my father!
Twenty-eight dollars, plus tax.

93

twenty-nine/ˈtwɛnti-naɪn/

بیست و نه

عدد

Never in my twenty-nine years of white bread life had I encountered anything remotely similar to the fear I felt as that knife pressed in me.
A strike of the Newcastle miners, after lasting twenty-nine weeks, came to an end in January 1890, and throughout the rest of the year there was great unrest in Labour circles.

94

thirty/ˈθɜːrti/

سی عدد 30

عدد

I grew up thirty miles to the north.
That's the culmination of the thirty day trial.

95

forty/ˈfɔːrt̬.i/

چهل عدد 40

عدد

96

fifty/ˈfɪf.ti/

پنجاه عدد 50

عدد

Now you've got fifty seconds!
It was nearly dark and she was a good fifty miles from home.

97

sixty/ˈsɪksti/

شصت عدد 60

عدد

98

seventy/ˈsev.ən.t̬i/

هفتاد عدد 70

عدد

She must weigh seventy pounds or more.
I hear-tell you can ski for free once you're seventy.

99

eighty/ˈeɪt̬.i/

هشتاد عدد 80

عدد

He has lived more than eighty years.
At the Restoration, in which they heartily co-operated, there were in Ulster seventy ministers in fixed charges, with nearly eighty parishes or congregations containing one hundred thousand persons.

100

ninety/ˈnɑɪnt.i/

نود عدد 90

عدد

She was ninety eight percent human.
My father lived to be ninety years old, and he never went on no fat diet.

ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

101

one hundred /wʌn ˈhʌndrəd/

یک صد صد

اسم

102

how old /haʊ oʊld/

چند سال چند ساله

قید

103

who /huː/

چه کسی کی

ضمیر

The boy who sat beside him was his son.
Who had handed it to her?

104

where /wer/

کجا

قید

Was that where his father got all that money?
"Where are you?" he asked.

105

classmate /ˈklæs.meɪt/

هم‌کلاسی

اسم

In company with his friend and classmate, Mr Quincy Shaw, he passed several months with the Ogillalah band of Sioux.
On the 22nd of July, when the Confederates under his old classmate Hood made a sudden and violent attack on the lines held by the Army of the Tennessee, McPherson rode up, in the woods, to the enemy's firing line and was killed.



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