درس 12


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

local/ˈloʊ.kəl/

محلی

صفت

The decision produced a local uproar.
The local police think it's tied into the kidnapping he 'solved'.

community  district  neighbourhood  regional  city

2

paper/ˈpeɪ.pər/

روزنامه

اسم

I put aside the paper and tried to nap.
Do you have a couple of paper bags?

writing paper  notepaper
newspaper
print  rag
wallpaper  wallcovering
woodchip
Anaglypta  Lincrusta
wrapper

3

natural disaster/ˈnæʧərəl dɪˈzæstər/

بلای طبیعی

اسم

4

hit/hɪt/

آسیب رساندن اصابت کردن، آمدن [بلایای طبیعی]

فعل

A train hit their car.
You hit the nail again.

strike  slap  smack  cuff  punch

5

hurricane/ˈhɝː.ɪ.keɪn/

توفند تندباد دریایی

اسم

Oh, and the tropical storm will become a hurricane late Saturday night.
He'd managed to miss the hurricane, though the waters were still rough and the waves high.

cyclone  typhoon  tornado  storm  tropical storm

6

disrupt/dɪsˈrʌpt/

بهم ریختن مختل کردن، قطع کردن

فعل

It wasn't like Alex to let anger disrupt his schedule.
You can't just march into a person's life and disrupt it.

throw into confusion  throw into disorder  throw into disarray  cause confusion in  cause turmoil in

7

damage/ˈdæmɪdʒ/

آسیب رساندن صدمه زدن، خراب کردن

فعل

It might have done damage inside.
You can be thankful they didn't damage the tires.

harm  injury  destruction  vandalization  vandalism
impairment

8

heavy rain/ˈhɛvi reɪn/

باران سنگین باران شدید

اسم

9

strong wind/strɔŋ wɪnd/

باد شدید

اسم

10

severe/səˈvɪr/

شدید طاقت فرسا، سرسخت

صفت

On such matters I am only severe with myself.
A small, older woman in severe grey opened the door.

acute  very bad  serious  grave  critical

11

thunderstorm/ˈθʌn.dərˌstɔːrm/

طوفان تندری

اسم

She shook like a leaf in a thunderstorm, her warm brown eyes wide and tears streaming down her cheeks.
The number of thunderstorm days is probably a less exact measure of the relative intensity of thunderstorms than statistics as to the number of persons killed annually by lightning per million of the population.

12

thunder/ˈθʌn.dər/

تندر رعد، آسمان غرنبه، آسمان غرش

اسم

Lightning flashed around them and thunder rumbled.
The room lit up with a bright flash of lightening, and thunder rattled the windowpane.

thunderclap  thunder crack  thunder roll  roll of thunder  peal of thunder

13

lightning/ˈlɑɪt.nɪŋ/

آذرخش برق

اسم

Lightning flashed around them and thunder rumbled.
White lightning snaked through the air.

14

rescue/ˈres.kjuː/

نجات دادن

فعل

I didn't need you to rescue me.
He's a rescue from a local rancher.

save  save from danger  save the life of  come to the aid of
set free  free

15

flash flood/ˈflæʃ flʌd/

سیل ناگهانی

اسم

16

destroy/dəˈstrɔɪ/

نابود کردن

فعل

Rhyn wanted to destroy the letter.
She said we have to destroy it, too.

demolish  knock down  pull down  tear down  level

17

catastrophic/ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk/

فجیع فاجعه‌آمیز

صفت

I hope I never have to experience a catastrophic disaster.
The catastrophic hurricane caused many people to flee inland.

disastrous  calamitous  cataclysmic  ruinous  tragic

18

wildfire/ˈwaɪldfaɪər/

حریق بزرگ خودبه‌خودی آتش‌سوزی جنگل

اسم

The news spread like wildfire through the country, and the principal towns declared for separation.
It was feared that the heresy, if suffered to make headway, would spread like wildfire among the ignorant Russian peasantry, and Archbishop Nikon was sent to Athos to threaten the recalcitrant brethren with severe temporal and eternal penalties should they remain obstinate.

19

strike/strɑɪk/

برخورد کردن اصابت کردن، در نوردیدن

فعل

He heard the clock strike ten.
He saw his sister drop after the strike of a sword.

hit  slap  smack  beat  thrash

20

tornado/tɔːrˈneɪd.oʊ/

گردباد

اسم

They've issued a tornado warning for this area.
I heard a tornado never strikes twice in the same spot.

whirlwind  windstorm  cyclone  typhoon  tropical cyclone

21

freak hailstorm/frik ˈheɪlˌstɔrm/

توفان تگرگ سهمگین

اسم

22

hailstone/ˈheɪlstoʊn/

دانه‌های تگرگ

اسم

23

injure/ˈɪn.dʒər/

زخمی کردن زخمی شدن، صدمه زدن

فعل

in 1220 a bull formally recognizing Joachim as orthodox and forbidding anyone to injure his disciples.
If carefully conducted, tapping does not injure the tree.

hurt  wound  harm  damage  disable
maim

24

minor/ˈmɑɪ.nər/

جزیی فرعی

صفت

But first, I have a minor chore to undertake.
She tucked the minor annoyance to the back of her mind.

slight  small
unimportant  insignificant  inconsequential  inconsiderable

25

earthquake/ˈɜrθ.kweɪk/

زلزله زمین‌لرزه

اسم

The city was almost totally destroyed by an earthquake in 1766, and again in 1797.
The earthquake grew more intense.

earth tremor  tremor  convulsion  shock  foreshock

26

aftershock/ˈæftərʃɑːk/

پس‌لرزه

اسم

aftershock hazard in Europe.
A good many people are sleeping outside in tents rather than risk having damaged walls fall on them during a severe aftershock.

27

partially/ˈpɑrʃəli/

اندکی تا اندازه ای

قید

It was at least partially true.
Later her sight was partially restored.

to a limited degree  to a limited extent  partly  to a certain degree  to a certain extent

28

temporarily/ˌtem.pəˈrer.ə.li/

موقتا

قید

For the first time in months we were temporarily out of business.
That search for the aim of life had not merely disappeared temporarily--he felt that it no longer existed for him and could not present itself again.

for the time being  for the moment  for now  for the present  in the interim

29

completely/kəmˈpliːt.li/

کاملا

قید

The house was completely empty.
He wasn't completely wrong.

totally  entirely  wholly  thoroughly  fully

30

badly/ˈbæd.li/

بد

قید

Could you tell how badly he was hurt?
We'll see how badly you want to leave.

poorly  incompetently  ineptly  inexpertly  inefficiently

31

seriously/ˈsɪr.iː.ə.sli/

به شدت جدا، به طور جدی

قید

You can't seriously think I'm a suspect.
You seriously won't let me meet him?

solemnly  earnestly  gravely  soberly  sombrely



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