درس 9


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

nest/nɛst/

آشیانه لانه

اسم

A bird built a nest in the flower box and it has little baby birds!
The tenant of the air, it seemed related to the earth but by an egg hatched some time in the crevice of a crag;--or was its native nest made in the angle of a cloud, woven of the rainbow's trimmings and the sunset sky, and lined with some soft midsummer haze caught up from earth?

roost  eyrie
nest box  nesting box
birdhouse
lair  den  drey

2

hive/haɪv/

کندو

اسم

A beekeeper, seeing the bee collect pollen from flowers and carry it to the hive, says that it exists to gather honey.
- Huber's book or leaf hive (scale $).

3

stable/ˈsteɪbl/

اسطبل

اسم

I think a few days cleaning in the stable would pay for it.
I'll go stable the horse.

firm  solid  steady  secure  fixed

4

kennel/ˈkɛnəl/

سگدانی محل نگه‌داری سگ‌ها

اسم

The Gazette is the official organ of the Kennel Club.
He's not about to let the pup out of the kennel and be forced to shut down all good we're accomplishing.

5

tank/tæŋk/

تنگ ماهی

اسم

We checked out the tank and the mileage.
The tank top displayed his thick biceps and shapely shoulders.

container  receptacle  vat  cistern  barrel

6

cage/keɪʤ/

قفس

اسم

Rhyn had bent his cage again.
She felt like she was at the zoo, standing in front of the cage of a hungry lion.

enclosure  pen  pound
coop  hutch  crate
birdcage

7

squeak/skwiːk/

جیرجیر کردن

فعل

When I opened my door in the evening, off they would go with a squeak and a bounce.
These shoes give a soft squeak with every step, so you'll always know where your baby is--and what he/she is up to!

peep  cheep  pipe  piping  squeal

8

bark/bɑrk/

واق‎واق کردن

فعل

43) are well adapted for their burrowing habits under the bark of trees.
An occasional sharp high bark soon revealed the source as a little gray squirrel.

woof  yap  yelp  bay
growl  snarl

9

neigh/neɪ/

شیهه کشیدن (اسب)

فعل

With a wild neigh of terror the animal fell bodily into the pit, drawing the buggy and its occupants after him.
Their cry is peculiar, being something between the belling of a deer and the neigh of a horse.

whinny, bray, nicker, snicker, whicker
nicher
hinny

10

meow/miˈaʊ/

میومیو کردن

فعل

A grumpy meow drew her gaze to Xander's cat, who rubbed its face against her leg.
However, no matter what your swimsuit style is, all can agree that these sexy bikinis are the cat's meow!

11

roar/rɔːr/

غریدن غرش کردن

فعل

The roar of guns sounded more distinct outside.
The distant roar didn't register until the jets were overhead.

shout  bellow  yell  cry  howl

12

grunt/grʌnt/

خر خر کردن (مانند خوک) خرناس کشیدن

فعل

"We're gone," Jake said with a grunt as he lifted her again.
Helpless until the trees finished flinging them around, Katie struggled to grab the branches, so she didn't end up like Deidre.  Finally, a branch wrapped around her and pulled her through the canopy, dumping her at the edge of the jungle.  Toby landed with a grunt beside her, and she lay still to catch her breath, still hoping Deidre reappeared.

13

wing/wɪŋ/

بال (پرنده و هواپیما و ...)

اسم

- Bones of Fowl's right wing, adult, nat.
"That was sweet of you to take Donnie under your wing," she said.

pinion  van
pennon
part  section  side
annexe  extension
ell
faction

14

shell/ʃel/

لاک صدف، پوست

اسم

Shell conical without spire.
"Nothing... only a shell..." he answered.

carapace  outside  exterior
armour
pod  casing  case

15

paw/pɔː/

پنچه

اسم

Let's get that paw fixed and then go in.
But perchance it would be wisest never to put one's paw into it.

foot  pad
forepaw  hind paw
poke  handle carelessly  handle clumsily

16

beak/biːk/

منقار نوک

اسم

The huge beak, looking like the great claw of a lobster, more than 8 in.
I) as to bring the beak into close contact with the haunches of the fore-legs.

bill, nib, mandible
neb

17

horn/hɔːrn/

شاخ

اسم

Somewhere in the distance a horn honked.
A car horn outside woke him in less than five minutes.

18

tail/teɪl/

دم (حیوان)

اسم

Tail long, clothed with long hairs.
Fighting down a wave of nausea, she kneeled at the tail of the goat.

hindmost part  back end  appendage
brush  scut  dock
tailpiece

19

claw/klɔː/

پنجه چنگ، چنگال

اسم

Her hand opened reflexively, and Arnie released her to claw at her wrist.
Extra claw, found occasionally on all breeds.

nail  talon
unguis
pounce
pincer  nipper
chela
scratch  lacerate  tear

20

fur/fɜːr/

مو خز

اسم

The animals were sleek and their black fur shined in the sunlight.
Fur short and closely applied to the skin.

hair, wool
coat, mane, fleece, pelt
pelage
fell

21

fin/fɪn/

باله (ماهی)

اسم

fin, Foramen magnum.
C, Dolphin (Sotalia fluviatilis), with horizontal tail, fin or fluke.

22

bite/bɑɪt/

گاز گرفتن

فعل

Don't bite my head off.
It did not try to bite or scratch.

sink one's teeth into  chew  munch  crunch  champ

23

sting/stɪŋ/

نیش زدن

فعل

I felt a sharp sting as the blade cut.
For the sting and ovipositor H.

prick  wound  injury
bite  nip  puncture
smarting

24

scratch/skrætʃ/

پنجول کشیدن پنجه کشیدن

فعل

Scratch any chance of fingerprints.
You told me you were tired of trying to scratch out a living from this ranch.

score  abrade  scrape  roughen  scuff

25

kick/kɪk/

لگد زدن

فعل

Finding it locked, she began to kick and scream all over again.
I like to kick my large ball.

boot  punt  strike with the foot
propel  drive  knock

26

spit/spɪt/

تف کردن آب دهان انداختن

فعل

She spit it out and wiped her mouth.
He spit the word.

expectorate  hawk
gob  hoick
snap  say angrily  hiss

27

protect/prəˈtekt/

محافظت کردن

فعل

They are elected or appointed to protect the rights of the citizens, yet they become the agents of their death.
"I can't protect you," she said.

keep safe  keep from harm  save  safeguard  shield

28

environment/enˈvɑɪ.rən.mənt/

محیط زیست

اسم

The environment in the Arctic Circle is very hostile.
Many influences operating for a long period of time on the character and the environment of a class go to determine its standard of life.

habitat  territory  domain  home  abode
surroundings

29

charity/ˈʧɛrɪti/

خیریه (موسسه و سازمان) صدقه

اسم

You must have a genius for charity as well as for anything else.
Objects of charity are not guests.

30

animal/ˈæn.ə.məl/

حیوان

اسم

I went to college and studied animal husbandry.
He is blessed who is assured that the animal is dying out in him day by day, and the divine being established.

31

activist/ˈæktɪvɪst/

فعال

اسم

If you'd like to get even more involved, for example by joining an activist group or the ecological education movement, contact Sustainable Living through the website and start making a difference on a global and local level.
Thompson is an American attorney and activist, and in addition to attacking the video game industry, he has also spoken out against the sex and violence shown in movies, rap music, and other forms of entertainment.

32

treat/trit/

رفتار کردن

فعل

Don't treat me that way, Alex.
Treat them with respect and take care of them.

33

cruelly/ˈkruː.əl.i/

بی‌رحمانه

قید

He did not dislike the work, but was or thought himself cruelly treated.
It was most unkind of you to cruelly diagnose him otherwise and accuse him of being a thief.

34

wild/wɑɪld/

جنگل حیات وحش

اسم

He couldn't help but detect her wild pulse.
Any time a wild animal isn't afraid of you, there is probably something wrong.

35

endangered species/ɛnˈdeɪnʤərd ˈspiʃiz/

گونه‌های در معرض خطر جانوران رو به انقراض

اسم

36

hunt/hʌnt/

شکار کردن

فعل

They hunt at night.
The choices are endless, the hunt so exciting.

37

breed/briːd/

بچه آوردن پرورش دادن

فعل

What breed do you raise?
The native breed of mules is remarkably fine.

38

captivity/kæpˈtɪvəti/

اسارت

اسم

Of course, in captivity animals might not act the same way they did in the wild.
The tradition of his captivity (2 Chron.

39

veal/viːl/

گوشت گوساله

اسم

Veal is the one kind of meat generally consumed.
On a lower floor he sometimes, but very rarely, regaled a friend with a plain dinner - a veal pie, or a leg of lamb and spinach, and a rice pudding.

40

calf/kæf/

گوساله

اسم

Little calf does run and leap in field.
The calf could be injured, and she might develop a fear of those caring for her.

41

work like a dog/wɜrk laɪk ə dɔg/

مثل سگ کار کردن به شدت زحمت کشیدن

عبارت

42

like water off a duck’s back/laɪk ˈwɔtər ɔf ə dʌks bæk/

بیهوده مانند آب در هاون کوبیدن، بی‌اثر

عبارت

43

like a fish out of water/laɪk ə fɪʃ aʊt ʌv ˈwɔtər/

معذب غریبی کردن، تعلق نداشتن (به جایی)

عبارت

44

Don't count your chickens before they're hatched./doʊnt kaʊnt jʊər ˈʧɪkənz bɪˈfɔr ðɛr hæʧt./

جوجه را آخر پاییز می‌شمارند جوجه‌هایت را قبل از آن که از تخم در بیایند نشمار

جمله

45

take the bull by the horns/teɪk ðə bʊl baɪ ðə hɔrnz/

با شاخ گاو در افتادن با مشکل شاخ به شاخ شدن، دست به کار شدن

جمله

46

the lion's share/ðə ˈlaɪənz ʃɛr/

بزرگترين و بهترين بخش چیزی سهم عمده

عبارت

47

dark horse/dɑrk hɔrs/

نامزد انتخاباتی کمتر شناخته شده کسی که شانس برنده شدنش کم باشد

اسم

48

in the doghouse/ɪn ðə ˈdɔgˌhaʊs/

در هچل (افتادن) در دردسر (افتادن)

عبارت

49

make a pig of oneself/meɪk ə pɪg ʌv ˌwʌnˈsɛlf/

زیاده روی کردن در خوردن غذا

عبارت

50

last straw/læst strɔ/

دفعه آخر

عبارت

51

smell a rat/smɛl ə ræt/

مشکوک بودن بوی خیانت دادن

جمله

52

Kill two birds with one stone./kɪl tu bɜrdz wɪð wʌn stoʊn./

با یک تیر دو نشان زدن دو پرنده را با یک سنگ کشتن

جمله

53

one's bark is worse than one's bite/wʌnz bɑrk ɪz wɜrs ðæn wʌnz baɪt/

واق واق کردنش بدتر از گاز گرفتنش است هارت و پورت زیاد دارد ولی اهل عمل نیست

جمله

54

with one's tail between one's legs/wɪð wʌnz teɪl bɪˈtwin wʌnz lɛgz/

دست از پا درازتر از خجالت آب شدن

عبارت

55

let sleeping dogs lie/lɛt ˈslipɪŋ dɑgz laɪ/

پا روی دم شیر نگذاشتن به سگ خفته کاری نداشتن

جمله

56

starter/ˈstɑːrtər/

پیش غذا اشتها آور

اسم

"It's not your normal conversation starter," she said with a small laugh.
It provides a basic "starter kit" to introduce people to the nature of video game design and some of the work that goes into some of the most popular titles, both for the PC and for home gaming consoles.

57

salad/ˈsæl.əd/

سالاد

اسم

He stirred his potato salad thoughtfully.
Sarah came home as she was putting the tuna salad into the refrigerator.

58

grilled/grɪld/

کبابی کبابی شده

صفت

Martha prepared grilled cheese sandwiches for our lunch.
Jackson grilled steaks for dinner, and when they were through cleaning up, Elisabeth said, "I better get down there."

59

chicken/ˈtʃɪk.ən/

(گوشت) مرغ جوجه

اسم

She left the chicken coup and broke another trail to the barn.
It smelled of chicken and rice and something sweet.

60

avocado/ˌæv.əˈkɑː.doʊ/

آووکادو گلابی تمساح

اسم

The Alligator or Avocado Pear is Persea gratissima, a member of the natural order Lauraceae, and a native of the West Indies and other parts of tropical America.
aipi), peanuts, pineapple, guava, chirimoya (Anona cherimolia), pawpaw (Carica papaya), ipecacuanha (Cephaelis), sarsaparilla, vanilla, false jalap (Mirabilis jalapa), copaiba, tolu (Myroxylon toluiferum), rubber-producing trees, dyewoods, cotton and a great number of beautiful hardwoods, such as jacaranda, mahogany, rosewood, quebracho, colo, cedar, walnut, &c. Among the fruits many of the most common are exotics, as the orange, lemon, lime, fig, date, grape, &c., while others, as the banana, caju or cashew (Anacardium occidentale) and aguacate avocado or alligator pear, have a disputed origin.

61

blue cheese/blu ʧiz/

پنیر رگه‌آبی پنیر کپک‌آبی، بلوچیز

اسم

62

arugula/əˈruːɡələ/

شابانک (گیاه خوراکی)

اسم

Start with a base of greens, such as a spring mix, arugula, spinach, or watercress.
Folic acid can be readily absorbed from raw salad greens such as lettuce, spinach, arugula, alfalfa sprouts, and others.

63

raspberry/ˈræz.ber.i/

تمشک

اسم

Huckleberry, blackberry and raspberry bushes are common in the north sections.
The strawberry, raspberry, currant, plum, cherry and grape are indigenous.

64

vinaigrette/ˌvɪn.əˈɡret/

وینگرت [سس سرکه و روغن زیتون]

اسم

Mains might be beef stroganoff with wild rice or sea bass with warm basil & tomato vinaigrette.
Make a green bean salad instead tossed with a balsamic vinaigrette, gluten-free bacon, and hard-boiled eggs.

65

steamed/stiːmd/

بخارپز

صفت

They saw others on the trail only once when an elderly couple steamed by them with a wave.
The " Great Eastern " was again employed, and leaving the south-west coast of Ireland on the 13th of July she reached Trinity Bay a fortnight later, without serious mishap. She then steamed eastwards again, and on the 13th of August made her first attempt to recover the lost cable.

water vapour  condensation  mist  haze  fog

66

mussel/ˈmʌsəl/

صدف سیاه صدف دوکفه‌ای

اسم

They include oysters, crabs of great size, and a small mussel, found in enormous numbers.
Hannibal is the trade centre of a rich agricultural region, and has an important lumber trade, railway shops, and manufactories of lumber, shoes, stoves, flour, cigars, lime, Portland cement and pearl buttons (made from mussel shells); the value of the city's factory products increased from $2,698,720 in 1900 to $4,442,099 in 1905, or 64.6%.

67

coconut/ˈkoʊ.kəˌnʌt/

نارگیل

اسم

Coconut soap also forms a principal ingredient in compound soaps meant to imitate curd and yellow soaps.
According to the second plan, the ordinary oil is treated as for the preparation of a curd soap, and to this the coconut soap separately saponified is added in the pan and both are boiled together till they form a homogeneous soap.

68

chili pepper/ˈʧɪli ˈpɛpər/

فلفل تند

اسم

69

sardine/ˌsɑːrˈdiːn/

ماهی ساردین

اسم

Parts of the island are fertile, and the cultivation of vines, and the tunny and sardine fishery, also give employment to a part of the population.
I haven't had a chance with Bird Song packed like a sardine can.

70

parsley/ˈpɑːrsli/

جعفری (سبزی)

اسم

Broccoli and radishes grow well, turnips (but not every year), lettuce and chervil succeed sometimes, but parsley cannot be reared.
- Sow winter and spring spinach in the beginning and about the end of the month; parsley and winter onions, for a full crop, in the first week; cabbages about the middle of the month, for planting out in spring; cauliflower in the first half (Scotland) and in the second half (England) of the month; Hardy Hammersmith and Brown Cos lettuce in the first and last week; small salads occasionally; and Black Spanish radish, for winter crops.

71

lemon/ˈlem.ən/

لیمو

اسم

She focused on mixing dish soap and lemon juice in her palm.
The fruit trees commonly cultivated are the peach, apricot, apple, orange, lemon, pear, fig and plum.

ointment  lotion  cream  salve  liniment

72

garlic/ˈgɑr.lɪk/

سیر (سبزیجات)

اسم

He put a tray of garlic bread into the oven and the pungent smell of warming cheese filled the room.
alliaceus, is also strongly impregnated with the scent and taste of onions or garlic. Two species, M.

73

main course/ˌmeɪnˈkɔːrs/

وعده اصلی (غذا)

اسم

74

stir-fried/stɜr-fraɪd/

سرخ شده تفت داده شده در روغن داغ

صفت

Serve on a bed of salad leaves or stir-fried noodles.
pilau rice stir fried with chicken or lamb which has been cooked as an extra dry bhuna.

75

spice/spɑɪs/

ادویه

اسم

Yes, spice of life and all.
She sipped her drink, surprised to find it really was her favorite, a pumpkin spice latte.

flavouring  seasoning  herb
condiment  relish
excitement  interest

76

pepper/ˈpep.ər/

فلفل

اسم

Chili pepper lights distracted her.
Pepper is grown in considerable quantities in the districts of Ha-Tien and Bien-Hoa, and sugarcanes, coffee, cotton, tobacco and jute are also produced.

sprinkle  fleck  intersperse  dot  spot

77

onion/ˈʌn.jən/

پیاز

اسم

It is also known as the underground onion, from its habit of producing its bulbs beneath the surface.
The Tree Onion or Egyptian Onion, Allium Cepa var.

78

cashew/ˈkæʃuː/

بادام هندی

اسم

- Peduncle of Fig It is sometimes succulent, as in Carica), ending in a the cashew, in which it forms the receptacle, enclosing large coloured expansion supnumerous male and female porting the nut; spiral, as in flowers.
Among the more common fruit-trees, some of which are exotics, may be mentioned cacao (Theobroma), orange, lemon, lime, pine-apple, banana, guava (Psidium), breadfruit (Artocarpus), cashew (A nacardium), alligator pear (Pers ea), with the apple, peach, pear, and other fruits of the temperate zone on the elevated plateaus.

79

rice/rɑɪs/

برنج

اسم

The rice and beans were bland until mixed together.
Then she used wild and long grain rice instead of stuffing.

80

noodle/ˈnuːdl/

رشته فرنگی نودل

اسم

She felt like a cooked noodle; no part of her body wanted to move.
Ramen - These noodles originally came from China and differ from other Japanese noodles in the fact that the broth used to cook ramen usually contains meat like poultry or pork while other noodle dishes in Japan are vegetable or fish based.

81

sausage/ˈsɔː.sɪdʒ/

سوسیس

اسم

He chased a piece of sausage around his plate with the fork.
She handed him a baggie with an egg, sausage, and cheese sandwich.

banger
snag







82

mashed/mæʃt/

له شده کوبیده شده

صفت

He sat down in his chair without assisting her and picked up the bowl of mashed potatoes.
She poured gravy over her mashed potatoes.

pulp  crush  puree  cream  smash

83

purée/pjʊˈreɪ/

پوره

اسم

unmixed  unalloyed  unadulterated  unblended  uncontaminated

84

green bean/ˌɡriːn ˈbiːn/

لوبیاسبز

اسم

85

smoked/smoʊkt/

دودی (غذا)

صفت

Cigarettes made of stramonium leaves may be smoked or the tincture may be taken internally.
Movie stars smoked and it was so cool!

smoulder  emit smoke  emit fumes
reek
puff on  draw on  pull on
inhale
light up
take a drag of

86

poach/poʊtʃ/

آب پز کردن

فعل

From proclaiming herself the "hottest housewife in Orange County" to trying to poach real estate business from established Housewife Jeana Keough, Barney struggled at first to fit in with her cast mates.
B) Sack the manager and illegally poach the boss of your local rivals.

hunt illegally  catch illegally  kill illegally  trap illegally  plunder
steal

87

baked/beɪkt/

پخته شده

صفت

He sowed grain and baked bread.
Baked by day and frozen by night.

cook  oven-bake  dry-roast  roast  spit-roast

88

eggplant/ˈeg.plænt/

بادمجان

اسم

However, for children with osteoarthritis, citrus fruits and vegetables from the nightshade family, including potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant, should be avoided since they can promote swelling.
Many purple leather designs in this tote style contain unique design elements, like the Latico Leathers woven shopper style tote in eggplant or the rich purple iridescent leather Bulga Marquis.

89

dessert/dɪˈzɜrt/

دسر

اسم

While eating dessert, they heard a muffled moan from the bed.
They rejoined the group as Sarah passed out dessert and coffee.

pudding  sweet  sweet course  sweet dish  second course

90

tart/tɑːrt/

تارت [نوعی کیک]

اسم

Then coughed at the tart aftertaste.
Clos de Tart, Les Bonnes Mares, Les Larrets.

pastry  flan  tartlet  quiche  strudel
pie

91

pie/paɪ/

پای کیک لایه دار

اسم

Fresh blackberry pie sounded good.
Is that apple pie I smell?

pastry  tart  tartlet  quiche  pasty

92

heat/hiːt/

گرم کردن داغ کردن

فعل

The evening heat was stifling.
Carmen stopped at the corner, uncomfortable with the heat of the exchange, yet unwilling to interrupt.

hotness  warmth  warmness  high temperature
fever  feverishness
calefaction
hot weather

93

beat/biːt/

هم زدن مخلوط کردن

فعل

Her father beat them both.
The best way to beat the cold was to work up some heat.

hit  strike  batter  thump  hammer

94

stir/stɜr/

هم زدن

فعل

She felt panic stir again.
Strange how such a placid moment could stir up such emotional turmoil.

mix  blend  agitate
beat  whip  whisk

95

mix/mɪks/

مخلوط کردن ترکیب کردن

فعل

I didn't mix the two.
Even the scent of the room was a dark mix of oak and amber.

blend  mingle  combine  put together  stir

96

drain/dreɪn/

آبکش کردن

فعل

She could feel the blood drain from her face.
Want me to drain the lake?

empty  empty out  remove the contents of  void  clear

97

pour/pɔːr/

ریختن

فعل

"Sit down and I'll pour some coffee," she said over her shoulder.
"Il faut avoir de fame pour avoir du gait."

stream  flow  run  gush  cascade

98

simmer/ˈsɪmər/

آرام پز کردن

فعل

There were a half dozen messages from both Julie and Howie from California but in view of our frenzied day, decided to let them simmer until after a much relished glass or two of wine and Molly's carefully grilled hot dogs and cheese bread.
She clamped a lid on her temper and turned the fire down to simmer.

boil gently  not quite boil  cook gently  stew  poach
bubble
seethe
be furious

99

saucepan/ˈsɔːspæn/

قابلمه دیگ

اسم

Morel, the orderly, brought some hot water in a saucepan and placed a bottle of claret in it.
s Out of the vast mass of undifferentiated powers certain functional deities appear; and the Kami of Japan to-day who preside over the gilds and crafts of industry and agriculture, over the trees and grasses of the field, the operations of the household, and even the kitchenrange, the saucepan, the rice-pot, the well, the garden, the scarecrow and the privy, have their counterparts in the lists of ancient Rome, the indigitamenta over whose contents Tertullian and Augustine made merry.

cooking utensil  pan  pot  casserole  skillet

100

frying pan/ˈfrɑɪ.ɪŋˌpæn/

ماهیتابه

اسم

101

cutting board/ˈkʌtɪŋ bɔrd/

تخته آشپزخانه تخته برش

اسم

102

baking pan/ˈbeɪkɪŋ pæn/

سینی فر

اسم

103

oven/ˈʌv.ən/

فر کوره، اجاق

اسم

stove  kitchen stove  microwave  microwave oven  range

104

fig/fɪɡ/

انجیر

اسم

above the sea the fig is common.
The French artists still retain FIG ' 4.

105

melted/ˈmɛltəd/

آب شده ذوب شده

صفت

I can't wait to meet the guy who melted the Ice Queen.
Something melted within him at her words.

liquefy  thaw  unfreeze  defrost  soften

106

roast/roʊst/

بریان کبابی

صفت

He nearly dropped the plate of roast beef.
She pulled the roast from the oven.

cook  bake  grill
spit-roast  pot-roast
broil
criticize  censure

107

stuffed/stʌft/

پرشده (از ماده‌ای) شکم‌پر (غذا)

صفت

It was stuffed with one thousand dollar bills – fifty of them.
He grunted and stuffed another handful in.

material  fabric  cloth  textile
matter  substance

108

scrambled eggs/ˈskræmbəld ɛgz/

تخم‌مرغ همزده نیمرو همزده

اسم

109

grate/ɡreɪt/

رنده کردن

فعل

below the grate, or 4 to 41 in.
The usual form of ventilating furnace is a plain fire grate placed under an arch, and communicating with the upcast shaft by an inclined drift.

shred  rub into pieces  pulverize  mince  grind

110

chop/tʃɑːp/

ریز کردن خرد کردن

فعل

Fine. You chop the wood and I'll make us some iced tea.
I'll stab and slash and chop off their heads!

cut up  cut into pieces  chop up
cube  dice  mince
hash
chop up

111

peel/pil/

پوست گرفتن پوست کردن

فعل

Before he had found a stock in all respects suitable the city of Kouroo was a hoary ruin, and he sat on one of its mounds to peel the stick.
Brady leaned away only to peel off his undershirt.

pare  skin  take the rind off  take the skin off  strip

112

whip/wɪp/

هم زدن

فعل

She hefted the whip and started working on another area of tall grass.
His new pa would whip him good, he said.

lash  scourge  thong  strap  belt
crop

113

sliced bread/slaɪst brɛd/

نان برش‌خورده نان بریده‌شده

اسم

114

slice/slɑɪs/

حلقه حلقه کردن برش دادن

فعل

One can cut off a slice of bread, but not an army.
The woman hesitated and took a slice of bread, toying with it.

piece  portion  wedge  chunk  hunk

115

press/pres/

فشار دادن فشردن

فعل

One side of her wanted to press on until she got some answers.
Dean didn't press the point.

push  push down  press down  thumb  depress

116

ground beef/graʊnd bif/

گوشت چرخ‌کرده

اسم

117

pork/pɔːrk/

گوشت خوک

اسم

The packing of pork and beef formerly centred in Boston,.
It is known for its pork pies, and has a trade in Stilton cheese.

118

rib/rɪb/

گوشت دنده

اسم

Prime rib it is.
The principal rib is crescent-shaped 32.8 ft.

119

turkey/ˈtɜːrki/

بوقلمون

اسم

"More like the turkey," she answered.
I happen to be going that way, and I will carry your turkey, if you will allow me.

120

breast/brest/

(گوشت) سینه

اسم

When they met, she fell on his breast, sobbing.
A new emotion was forming in her breast: hatred.

mammary gland  mamma
bosom  bosoms  bust  chest
boobs

121

shellfish/ˈʃelfɪʃ/

حلزون صدف‌دار

اسم

perna and pernocchia meant a shellfish which yielded "nacre" or mother-of-pearl.
The borings of marine shellfish visible in these columns between II and 19 ft.

crustacean, bivalve, mollusc

122

herb/ɜrb/

سبزی گیاه دارویی

اسم

Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage.
After a quick supper, she grabbed the herb book and stepped outside.

123

kin/kɪn/

خویشاوند هم‌خون

اسم

Are you kin to Josh?
If I have not cleaved your head, 'tis because I took an oath to kin to spare you.

relatives  relations  family  family members  kindred

124

plight/plaɪt/

مخمصه فلاکت، بدبختی

اسم

You don't know what a plight he had to endure.
Many thought this illness had changed him from a slightly arrogant young man into one who was sympathetic to the plight of others.

predicament  difficult situation  unfortunate situation  sorry condition  sad state

125

dismay/dɪˈsmeɪ/

نگرانی و حیرت ترس و حیرت

اسم

Cynthia's little shriek of dismay caused Dean to turn.
To her dismay, the traitor's name came out a half sob.

appal  horrify  shock  shake  shake up
disconcert

126

crackdown/ˈkrækˌdaʊn/

سخت‌گیری بیشتر سرکوب

اسم

crackdown on car insurance dodgers.
crackdown on drunken yobs.

clampdown  getting tough  severe measures  stern measures  repression

127

run-in/rʌn-ɪn/

مجادله مشاجره، کشمکش

اسم

The character will run in the direction you tap.
Itching to relieve some of her own nervous energy after the run-in with the vamps, she'd reached the door when Jonny spoke again.

disagreement  argument  dispute  difference of opinion  altercation

128

enforce/ɪnˈfɔːrs/

به اجرا درآوردن پیش بردن

فعل

All attempts to enforce the British commercial regulations were ineffectual.
According to law military service is obligatory, but the government has been unable to enforce it.

impose  apply  carry out  administer  implement

129

ban/bæn/

ممنوعیت

اسم

They may try to ban you from day trading given the current climate.
That the encouragement of the Slav aspirations was soon deliberately adopted as a weapon against the Hungarian government was due, partly to the speedy predominance at Pest of Kossuth and the extreme party of which he was the mouthpiece, but mainly to the calculated policy of Baron Jellachich, who on the 14th of April was appointed ban of Croatia.

prohibit  forbid  veto  proscribe  disallow

130

welfare/ˈwel.fer/

رفاه

اسم

The care for his welfare led his father to decide to move to a better neighborhood.
Weller turned to Dean, "I thought you might be interested in the welfare of your guests."

well-being  health  good health  happiness  comfort

131

stringent/ˈstrɪnʤənt/

محکم سفت و سخت

صفت

He must furnish the proofs, which are collected according to very stringent rules.
Stringent legislation controls prison labour.

strict  firm  rigid  rigorous  severe

132

flesh/flɛʃ/

گوشت (میوه) [قسمت خوراکی میوه‌ها]

اسم

I am made of flesh and blood and bone, am I not?
Opening her eyes, she raised the axe and let it fall, grimacing at the sounds of flesh splitting.

muscle  tissue  muscle tissue  meat  brawn
beef
meat
fat

133

pass on/pæs ɑn/

رساندن (به دست کسی) منتقل کردن

فعل

134

get into/gɛt ˈɪntu/

وارد شدن داخل شدن

فعل

135

pastry/ˈpeɪstri/

شیرینی نان شیرین

اسم

Pastry, sweetmeats and fruit are highly esteemed.
He should avoid fat and rich food, butter, pastry and sauces, and should drink no beer or wine - unless it be some very light French wine or Moselle.

tart  tartlet  pie  pasty  patty

136

scheme/skiːm/

نقشه برنامه، دسیسه

اسم

The new scheme works splendidly.
The color scheme was simple, but was turning out elegant the way the women worked with it.

plan  project  plan of action  programme  strategy

137

intoxicating/ɪnˈtɑksɪˌkeɪtɪŋ/

هیجان‌انگیز هیجان‌آور

صفت

The sale of intoxicating liquors is licensed only in incorporated cities and towns.
For several years previous to 1876 a clause of the constitution prohibited the sale of intoxicating liquors within the state.

alcoholic  containing alcohol
strong  hard  potent  stiff
inebriating

138

risk life and limb/rɪsk laɪf ænd lɪm/

از جان گذشتن زندگی خود را به خطر انداختن

عبارت

139

in vain/ɪn veɪn/

بیهوده بی‎نتیجه

عبارت

unsuccessfully  vainly  without success  to no avail  to no purpose

140

happy-go-lucky/ˈhæpi-goʊ-ˈlʌki/

بی‌خیال لاابالی

صفت

They're the opposite of Gemini's happy-go-lucky impulsiveness.
Since dogs are happy-go-lucky at heart, they want to please us more than anything.

easy-going  carefree  casual  free and easy  devil-may-care

141

undeterred/ˌʌndɪˈtɜːrd/

دلسردنشده منصرف‌نشده

صفت

But the society pursued its objects, undeterred by sarcasm.
Undeterred by the offence which these works gave to his ecclesiastical superiors, he published in 1858 the Einleitung in die Philosophie and Grundriss der Metaphysik, in which he assailed the doctrine of Thomas Aquinas, that philosophy was the handmaid of theology.

142

sibling/ˈsɪblɪŋ/

خواهر یا/و برادر

اسم

Every child feels displaced to some degree when a new sibling arrives.
I haven't even had any sibling practice.

143

smuggler/ˈsmʌɡlər/

قاچاقچی

اسم

In 1736 a smuggler named Wilson, who had won popularity by helping a companion to escape from the Tolbooth prison, was hanged; and, some slight disturbance occurring at the execution, the city guard fired on the mob, killing a few and wounding a considerable number of persons.
Other character roles, such as being a merchant, pirate, smuggler, or pilot are also available.

144

lose track/luz træk/

چیزی از دست کسی در رفتن فراموش کردن

عبارت



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