درس 6


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

self-help/ˈsɛlfˈhɛlp/

خودیاری

اسم

It is state-law; alike self-help, blood-feud, marriage by capture, are absent; though family solidarity, district responsibility, ordeal, the lex talionis, are primitive features that remain.
The point of enduring interest as regards the Andamans is the penal system, the object of which is to turn the life-sentence and few long-sentence convicts, who alone are sent to the settlement, into honest, self-respecting men and women, by leading them along a continuous course of practice in self-help and self-restraint, and by offering them every inducement to take advantage of that practice.

2

bad-tempered/ˌbædˈtemp.ərd/

تندخو کج‌خلق

صفت

bad-tempered man.
bad-tempered ladybird turns into a nicer, happier bug.

3

well-off/ˌwel ˈɔːf/

ثروتمند پول‌دار

صفت

Even a well-off woman or her family is probably thinking twice before spending five or even six figures on a dress that will only be worn one day, however special that day may be.
Many financially well-off people do go to the opera.

4

last-minute/ˈlæstˌmɪnɪt/

آخرین لحظه دقیقه‌نودی

صفت

5

secondhand/ˈsɛkəndˌhænd/

دست دوم کارکرده

صفت

In spite of many errors, especially in Greek history, in which he had to depend upon secondhand information, the work of Baronius stands as an honest attempt to write history, marked with a sincere love of truth.
Next, entire cities banned smoking in all indoor public places, contending a private business's right to allow smoking was trumped by the dangers of exposing patrons to secondhand smoke.

6

long-term/ˌlɔːŋˈtɜrm/

دراز مدت طولانی مدت

صفت

Martha was unable to get by her natural compassion of the moment and look at a long term goal.
It was facilitated by trained tutors who themselves have long-term health problems.

7

duty-free/ˈduti-fri/

معاف از عوارض گمرکی بدون مالیات

صفت

duty-free shops selling a range of goods.
It was first enacted in 1855 that methylated spirit, a specific mixture of pure alcohol and wood naphtha, should be duty-free; the present law is to be found in the Customs and Inland Revenue Act of 1890, and the Finance Act (sect.

8

worn out/wɔrn aʊt/

کهنه نخ‎نما، قدیمی

صفت

9

homemade/ˈhoʊmˈmeɪd/

خانگی [در خانه درست یا پخته شده]

صفت

They sold like homemade ice cream on a summer day.
After homemade chicken soup and a grilled cheese sandwiches we returned to the office.

10

narrow-minded/ˈnɛroʊ-ˈmaɪndəd/

کوته‌فکر کوتاه‌نظر

صفت

People who are narrow-minded in their approach to life can make extremely difficult partners.
The rationalistic movement, headed by Magnus Stephenson, a patriotic, narrow-minded lawyer, did little good as far as church reform went, but was accompanied by a more successful effort to educate the people.

11

part-time/ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm/

نیمه‌وقت پاره‌وقت

صفت

calendar days. Annual leave is not reduced for part-time workers.
He was on light duty, working only with small animals; and part time.

12

well behaved/ˌwel bɪˈheɪvd/

خوش رفتار مودب

صفت

13

air-conditioned/ɛr kənˈdɪʃənər/

خنک شده (دارای) تهویه مطبوع

صفت

Most of the time I'm at the pool or resting in the air conditioned house.
The air-conditioned hospital corridor gave way to the balmy heat of the Caribbean island on which he stood.

14

mass-produced/ˌmæs prəˈduːst/

به میزان انبوه تولیدشده

صفت

The store was filled with banal, mass-produced objects.
Knocking down the past to build a big-box emporium to hock their mass produced modern design wares.

15

nearsighted/ˈnɪrˌsɑɪt̬·əd/

نزدیک‌بین

صفت

For example, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other eye, or one eye may be farsighted and the other eye nearsighted.
If a patient is severely nearsighted, Lasik may not even be an option.

16

kindhearted/ˌkaɪnd ˈhɑːrtɪd/

خوش‌قلب مهربان، رئوف

صفت

Be the kindhearted man you always were, she said, trying to smile though tears were in her eyes.
A dreaded foe be thou, kindhearted as a man, A Rhipheus at home, a Caesar in the field!

17

high-heeled/haɪ-hild/

پاشنه بلند

صفت

White high-heeled sandals clicked smartly as she walked across the porch behind Alex.
She wore white slacks, an emerald-green silk blouse and high-heeled shoes.

18

first-class/fɜrst-klæs/

عالی ممتاز، خیلی خوب

صفت

A first-class plant for cool or moist places in the rock garden in rich vegetable soils.
There are fallen leaves, bouncy bridges, and first-class two story houses in nice neighborhoods you'll want to move into.

19

blue-eyed/blu-aɪd/

چشم آبی

صفت

Schunwald, &c.); Geza Gardonyi (several novels containing the adventures, observations, &c., of Mr Gabriel Gore; A kekszemii Davidkdne, " Blue-eyed Mrs Davidka "; A Kdtsa, scenes from gipsy life); Charles Murai (Vig tortenetek, " Jolly Stories "; Bandi, a collection of short tales); Stephen Barsony (Csend, " Silence "; A Kameleon-ledny, " The Chamaeleon Girl, and other Stories "; Erd3n-mez5n, " In Wood and Field ").
Two centuries B.C. the region was occupied by the fair and blue-eyed Ussuns, who were driven away in the 6th century of our era by the northern Huns.

20

hands-free/hændz-fri/

آزاد دست هندزفری

صفت

Jule pulled his hands free from the handcuffs and tugged the blanket up.
She tugged her hands free and leaned into him, sobbing and shaking, unable to support herself.

21

easygoing/ˌIː.ziːˈgoʊ.ɪŋ/

بی‌خیال

صفت

It's all the Club and his easygoing nature.
Linda was too easygoing to be affected by much of anything, and the men seemed more surprised than anything else.

22

left-handed/lɛft-ˈhændəd/

چپ‌دست (با) دست چپ

صفت

On one end also a right-handed, and on the other a left-handed, screw FIG.
In Germany "left-handed" or "morganatic" marriages were allowed by the Salic law between nobles and women of lower rank.

23

absent-minded/ˈæbsənt-ˈmaɪndəd/

حواس پرت سر به هوا، بی حواس

صفت

Did he need order in his world, because he was like Ashley, creative and absent-minded?
Similarly an absent-minded man is said to be "abstracted," as paying no attention to the matter in hand.

24

phone/foʊn/

تلفن کردن زنگ زدن، تماس گرفتن

فعل

The phone woke me up, even though it wasn't very loud.
Is he listening to your phone call?

25

call/kɔːl/

زنگ زدن تماس گرفتن، تلفن زدن

فعل

He was going to call the doctor.
Do you want me to call Len?

26

give someone a call/gɪv ˈsʌmˌwʌn ə kɔl/

با کسی تماس گرفتن

عبارت

27

make a call/meɪk ə kɔl/

تماس گرفتن (تلفن) زنگ زدن

عبارت

28

hang up/hæŋ ʌp/

(تلفن را) قطع کردن

فعل

29

turn off/tɜrn ɔf/

خاموش کردن

فعل

30

cut off/kʌt ɔf/

قطع کردن

فعل

31

write down/raɪt daʊn/

یادداشت کردن نوشتن

فعل

32

run out/rʌn aʊt/

تمام کردن تمام شدن

فعل

33

speak up/spik ʌp/

بلندتر حرف زدن

فعل

34

put through/pʊt θru/

وصل کردن

فعل

35

get through/gɛt θru/

تماس برقرار کردن (تلفنی) صحبت کردن (تلفنی)

فعل

36

charge/tʃɑːrdʒ/

شارژ کردن (وسایل برقی و ...)

فعل

Before she could object, Kiki took charge again.
I will be in charge of your initiation.

37

busy/ˈbɪz.i/

اشغال (خط تلفن)

صفت

It's a large and busy hotel.
It was a warm late afternoon as I stood out on the sidewalk and looked up at the six massive columns towering above another busy and impressive train station.

38

missed call/mɪst kɔl/

تماس از دست رفته

اسم

39

directory/diˈrɛktəri/

کتاب راهنما فهرست راهنما

اسم

They've got a directory the size of the Philadelphia phone book.
In this Assembly he proposed that " a confession of faith, a catechism, a directory for all the parts of the public worship, and a platform of government, wherein possibly England and we might agree," should be drawn up. This was unanimously approved of, and the laborious undertaking was left in Henderson's hands; but the " notable motion " did not lead to any immediate results.

40

voice mail/ˈvɔɪsmeɪl/

پیغام صوتی

اسم

41

pay phone/ˈpeɪfoʊn/

تلفن عمومی تلفن سکه‎ای

اسم

42

substance dependence/ˈsʌbstəns dɪˈpɛndəns/

اعتیاد به مواد

اسم

43

harmless/ˈhɑrm.ləs/

بی‌خطر بی‌ضرر

صفت

I didn't know there was such a thing as a harmless snake.
She'd looked harmless to him, beautiful and scared.

safe  innocuous  benign  gentle  mild

44

behavioral addiction/bɪˈheɪvjərəl əˈdɪkʃən/

اعتیاد رفتاری

اسم

45

destroy/dəˈstrɔɪ/

نابود کردن

فعل

Rhyn wanted to destroy the letter.
She said we have to destroy it, too.

demolish  knock down  pull down  tear down  level

46

enormous/ɪˈnɔrməs/

عظیم خیلی بزرگ

صفت

The earth has an enormous molten core that contains vast amounts of energy.
Distributed computing makes enormous computational problems affordable to solve.

huge  vast  extensive  expansive  broad

47

high/hɑɪ/

نشئگی [بعد از مصرف مواد مخدر] سرخوشی

اسم

Her instincts on high alarm, she met Xander's gaze.
I need it when I get in the high country.

tall  lofty  towering  soaring  elevated

48

overcome/ˈoʊvərˌkʌm/

غالب آمدن چیره شدن، غلبه کردن

فعل

She stopped struggling, overcome by feelings.
Well, I'm the one who decides whether I let darkness control me or I overcome it.

defeat  beat  best  conquer  trounce

49

get hooked on/gɛt hʊkt ɑn/

معتاد شدن

عبارت

50

seek/siːk/

طلب کردن به دنبال گشتن، جویا شدن

فعل

You seek to betray me as your predecessor did.
Perpetrators will seek you out.

search for  try to find  look for  look about for  look around for

51

treatment/ˈtriːt.mənt/

درمان

اسم

I need a diagnosis, and I need a treatment plan to combat this illness.
She did enjoy the special treatment and the way he stuck up for her.

behaviour towards  conduct towards  action towards  usage of  use of
handling of

52

overwhelmingly/ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli/

به شدت به طرز شگفت‌آوری

قید

People overwhelmingly believed the future would be better, and they were right!
Shao Kahn also has the ability to consume souls and is overwhelmingly powerful, overcoming many enemies with brute strength.

53

anxious/ˈæŋk.ʃəs/

مضطرب نگران، دلواپس

صفت

Even so, everyone was anxious to get back home.
At her anxious look, he smiled.

worried  concerned  apprehensive  fearful  uneasy

54

obsessed/əbˈsɛst/

دچار وسواس فکری عقده‌ای

صفت

I thought he was obsessed with his wife.
He's obsessed about his sister's death.

preoccupy  be uppermost in someone's mind  prey on someone's mind  prey on  possess

55

addicted/əˈdɪk.tɪd/

معتاد

صفت

I'll send you this video game I'm addicted to, Jule offered.
races addicted to piracy.

dependent on  given to using  given to abusing  in the habit of using
dependent  obsessive

56

helpful/ˈhelp.fəl/

مفید کمک کننده، سودمند

صفت

There was nothing helpful Dean could offer.
It was helpful to know that he heard and understood what she was saying.

obliging  eager to help  eager to please  friendly  pleasant

57

dependent/dəˈpen.dənt/

وابسته متکی، تحت تکفل

صفت

conditional on  contingent on  based on  depending on  resting on

58

fed up/ˌfedˈʌp/

خسته سیرشده، ناراحت

صفت

exasperated  irritated  annoyed  irked  put out

59

open/ˈoʊ.pən/

پذیرا

صفت

You don't have to open your mouth.
After a slight hesitation the door burst open with a cracking blow.

not shut  not closed  unlocked  unbolted  unlatched

60

sick/sɪk/

خسته

صفت

Mom was sick and we needed a doctor.
I felt sick to my stomach.

ill  unwell  poorly  ailing  indisposed

61

famous/ˈfeɪ.məs/

مشهور معروف

صفت

It is still a famous school.
Daniel Webster lived to become a famous orator and a great statesman.

well known  celebrated  prominent  famed  popular

62

hooked/hʊkt/

معتاد شیفته، دیوانه

صفت

Winston hooked a leg around a chair and sat.
Jackson, how do you think Cassandra hooked up with Victor?

curved  hook-shaped  hooklike  aquiline  bent

63

proud/prɑʊd/

مفتخر خشنود

صفت

How sad that she would be too proud to have fun.
How proud mamma will be of her brave boy!

pleased  pleased with  glad  glad about  glad at

64

fond/fɑnd/

علاقه داشتن تعلق خاطر داشتن، دوست داشتن

صفت

Your aunt and uncle seem pretty fond of you.
I didn't know you were so fond of horses.

keen on  partial to  addicted to  enthusiastic about  passionate about
attached to

65

correlate/ˈkɔrəˌleɪt/

ارتباط داشتن مرتبط بودن، همبستگی داشتن

فعل

More and more the science seeks to discover periodicities and to correlate these with others.
Many attempts have been made to correlate the results of the analyses of a soil with its known cropping power, but there is yet much to be learnt in regard to these matters.

correspond  agree  tally  match up  tie in

66

severe/səˈvɪr/

شدید طاقت فرسا، سرسخت

صفت

On such matters I am only severe with myself.
A small, older woman in severe grey opened the door.

acute  very bad  serious  grave  critical

67

hefty/ˈhefti/

سنگین زیاد

صفت

There's a hefty reward out for her, too.
Kevin's cut was hefty, but she didn't care: she was a real artist!

burly  heavy  sturdy  strapping  bulky

68

pry/praɪ/

باز کردن (با زور)

فعل

I don't mean to pry, but you seem on edge.
I'm just trying to pry your eyes open.

inquire impertinently into  investigate impertinently  be inquisitive about  be curious about  poke about in

69

tackle/ˈtæk.l/

مقابله کردن به چیزی پرداختن، غلبه کردن

فعل

He launched himself at the man, only to have four guards tackle him.
A worm-gear tackle of this description is shown in fig.

gear  equipment  apparatus  outfit  kit

70

perpetuate/pərˈpetʃueɪt/

زنده نگه داشتن تداوم بخشیدن، در خاطر ثبت کردن

فعل

Nations are possessed with an insane ambition to perpetuate the memory of themselves by the amount of hammered stone they leave.
But there could be little guarantee that later generations would perpetuate the cult.

keep alive  keep going  keep in existence  preserve  conserve

71

mildly/ˈmaɪldli/

کمی به طور مختصر

قید

He looked mildly amused.
He said mildly as he climbed into the seat beside her.

72

disorder/dɪˈsɔrdər/

اختلال بیماری

اسم

The tiny bit of disorder helped her relax.
But before starting he was called upon to suppress disorder at home.

untidiness  disorderliness  mess  disarray  disorganization

73

soaring/ˈsɔrɪŋ/

رو به افزایش بالارونده

صفت

He touched his brother's face, his emotions soaring once again.
Within seconds, she had decapitated him and sent the disembodied head soaring across the room.

fly up  wing  wing its way
take off  take flight  take to the air
ascend

74

full-blown/ˌfʊl ˈbloʊn/

با تمام علائم (بیماری)

صفت

Her distress toppled into full blown despair.
Full-blown panic hit her.

fully developed  full-scale  full-blooded  fully fledged  complete

75

powerless/ˈpaʊərləs/

ناتوان عاجز

صفت

"So you think he is powerless?" said Langeron.
The walk calmed his irritation at being powerless for the first time since the Schism.

impotent  helpless  without power  ineffectual  inadequate

76

override/ˈoʊvərˌraɪd/

لغو کردن باطل کردن

فعل

A two-thirds majority in each house is necessary to override a veto.
Any bill or any item or items of any bill which has passed both houses may be vetoed by the governor, and to override a veto a two-thirds vote of the members present in each house is required.

disallow  overrule  countermand  veto  set aside

77

trigger/ˈtrɪɡər/

به کار انداختن موجب شدن، سبب شدن

فعل

Something about her feet hitting the floor in the morning seemed to trigger her stomach.
It is ordinarily caught in wooden traps of simple construction, being little enclosures of stakes or brush in which the bait is placed upon a trigger, with a short upright stick supporting a log of wood, which falls upon its victim on the slightest disturbance.

precipitate  prompt  trigger off  set off  spark

78

faulty/ˈfɔːl.ti/

معیوب اشتباه

صفت

With this we may class faulty division of sentences.
The work of this age can always be detected by the faulty jointing (Plate IV.

malfunctioning  broken  damaged  defective  not working

79

handicapped/ˈhændikæpt/

معلول ناتوان

صفت

His mother died and his father doesn't want to be troubled with a handicapped child.
Handicapped by poverty, John had to face attacks from two quarters.

disabled  disadvantaged
having a disability  wheelchair-using  paralysed  invalid



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