درس 4


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

damp/dæmp/

مرطوب نمناک

صفت

The darkness smelled damp; the air was still and silent.
Alondra walked into the room with some tissues and a damp rag.

moist  moistened  wettish  dampened  dampish
humid

2

take after/teɪk ˈæftər/

به کسی رفتن

فعل

resemble  look like  be like  be similar to  bear a resemblance to

3

install/ɪnˈstɔːl/

نصب کردن

فعل

Alex had the foresight to have the builders install a gas range.
d'Assy in 5788 to install an observatory for his benefit at his own residence.

put  position  place  put in place  set in place

4

speed/spiːd/

سرعت

اسم

He drove the speed limit - no more, no less.
Howard had to pull out of the driveway slowly and gradually increase his speed.

rate  pace  tempo  momentum
rapidity  swiftness

5

rage/reɪʤ/

تلاطم طوفان

اسم

His cold rage terrified her.
He flew into an abusive rage when he saw it.

fury  anger  wrath  outrage  indignation

6

take place/teɪk pleɪs/

برگزار شدن رخ دادن، صورت گرفتن

فعل

happen  occur  come about  transpire  crop up

7

potentially/pəˈten.tʃə.li/

(به طور) بالقوه

قید

"Potentially bad," she corrected herself.
Man, in a word, is potentially quadrumanous.

8

drive someone nuts/draɪv ˈsʌmˌwʌn nʌts/

کسی را عصبانی کردن کسی را دیوانه کردن (از اعصاب خردی)

عبارت

9

shovelful/ˈʃʌvlfʊl/

(به اندازه) یک بیل

اسم

Once you have added your layers of green and brown materials and mixed them a bit, a shovelful of garden soil or finished compost will help ensure that the proper microbes are in place to begin breaking down the compost material mixture.
shovelful of coal will give you a hot stove faster than anything else I know!

10

risky/ˈrɪs.ki/

پرمخاطره ریسک‌دار

صفت

That would be less risky and make more sense.
It was far too risky for him to even attempt it.

dangerous  fraught with danger  high-risk  hazardous  perilous

11

drizzling/ˈdrɪzlɪŋ/

بارانی نم نم باران

صفت

The only motion in the air was that of the dripping, microscopic particles of drizzling mist.
Apart from these the two seasons are sometimes broken by cloudless skies in winter, and a drizzling mist, called the gariia, in summer.

fine rain  Scotch mist  sprinkle of rain  light shower  spray
mizzle
trickle

12

reusable/ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/

قابل استفاده مجدد

صفت

Always use a reusable shopping bag or reuse plastic bags.
Encourage people to use reusable plastic or glass bottles rather than using paper cups.

13

addicted/əˈdɪk.tɪd/

معتاد

صفت

I'll send you this video game I'm addicted to, Jule offered.
races addicted to piracy.

dependent on  given to using  given to abusing  in the habit of using
dependent  obsessive

14

freezing/ˈfriː.zɪŋ/

منجمد بسیار سرد

صفت

It's freezing in here!
Governments respond to that inflation by freezing prices.

bitterly cold  cold  chill  chilling  frosty

15

sense/sens/

حس احساس، فهم

اسم

sensory faculty  feeling  sensation  perception
sight  hearing

16

humid/ˈhjuməd/

مرطوب (آب و هوا) دم‌دار

صفت

The day had been unusually hot and humid, and she wiped sweat from her forehead.
She couldn't remember when the outdoors had felt so small or when it'd become so humid she was sweating in place.

muggy  close  sultry  sticky  steamy

17

charity/ˈʧɛrɪti/

خیریه (موسسه و سازمان) صدقه

اسم

You must have a genius for charity as well as for anything else.
Objects of charity are not guests.

non-profit-making organization  non-profit organization  not-for-profit organization  voluntary organization  charitable institution
fund

18

heat wave/hit weɪv/

موج گرما

اسم

19

get caught/gɛt kɑt/

گیر افتادن گرفتار شدن، دستگیر شدن

فعل

20

take part/teɪk pɑrt/

شرکت کردن نقش داشتن

فعل

participate  join in  get involved  enter  go in for something

21

recyclable/riˈsaɪkləbəl/

قابل بازیافت قابل بازیابی

صفت

While you're shopping for all natural shaving products, you might also want to pick up a "green" razor, such as the Preserve Recyclable, which is made from 100 percent recycled plastic.
In fact, you may be surprised to learn that all of the Miele appliances are manufactured using green sustainable business practices and all of their products are green, meaning each is recyclable.

22

mild/mɑɪld/

ملایم معتدل

صفت

The day was sunny and mild – a perfect day for riding.
Gerald eyed him with mild amusement.

lenient  clement  light
compassionate  pitying  forgiving

23

take seriously/teɪk ˈsɪriəsli/

جدی گرفتن با جدیت برخورد کردن

عبارت

24

electrical charge/ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ʧɑrʤ/

بار الکتریکی

اسم

25

make tempers boil/meɪk ˈtɛmpərz bɔɪl/

عصبانی کردن خون کسی را به جوش آوردن

عبارت

26

ban/bæn/

قدغن کردن تحریم کردن، ممنوع کردن

فعل

They may try to ban you from day trading given the current climate.
That the encouragement of the Slav aspirations was soon deliberately adopted as a weapon against the Hungarian government was due, partly to the speedy predominance at Pest of Kossuth and the extreme party of which he was the mouthpiece, but mainly to the calculated policy of Baron Jellachich, who on the 14th of April was appointed ban of Croatia.

prohibit  forbid  veto  proscribe  disallow

27

run out/rʌn aʊt/

تمام کردن تمام شدن

فعل

be used up  dry up  be exhausted  be finished  give out

28

global warming/ˌgloʊ.bəlˈwɔːr.mɪŋ/

گرمایش جهانی گرم شدن کره زمین

اسم

29

take one's time/teɪk wʌnz taɪm/

عجله نکردن آهسته و با آرامش کاری را انجام دادن

عبارت

go slowly  not hurry  be leisurely  proceed in a leisurely fashion  dally

30

cut down/kʌt daʊn/

قطع کردن

فعل

31

take care/teɪk kɛr/

مراقب بودن مواظب بودن

فعل

32

take off/teɪk ɔf/

از زمین بلند شدن (هواپیما) پرواز کردن

فعل

run away  run off  flee  abscond  take flight

33

pouring/ˈpɔːrɪŋ/

شدیدا بارانی

صفت

stream  flow  run  gush  cascade

34

ion/ˈaɪən/

یون

اسم

Since some ions are more mobile than others, a separation will ensue when water is placed in contact with a solution, the faster moving ion penetrating quicker into the water under the driving force of the osmotic pressure gradient.
If an element be present in a compound otherwise than as an ion, it is not interchangeable, and cannot be recognized by the usual tests.

35

cognition/kɑgˈnɪʃən/

ادراک فرایند یادگیری

اسم

We cannot possibly have any cognition of how such an act is possible.
The foundations of cognition must be discovered by observation or analysis of experience so conceived.

perception  discernment  awareness  apprehension  learning

36

shower/ˈʃɑʊ.ər/

رگبار (باران یا برف) بارش

اسم

After a warm shower, she felt better.
The shower was on, and she was singing.

fall  light fall  drizzle  flurry  sprinkling

37

warm/wɔrm/

گرم

صفت

It was a warm afternoon in August.
His warm hands slid under her jacket, caressing her back through the thin T-shirt.

hot  warming
cosy  snug  comfortable  homely

38

take advantage/teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ/

بهره بردن استفاده کردن، سود بردن

فعل

39

desert wind/ˈdɛzɜrt wɪnd/

باد کویری باد بیابانی

اسم

40

below/bɪˈləʊ/

زیر پایین

حرف اضافه

There were lots of pretty flowers down below but he kept driving.
The dealers stuck below are flipping out.

beneath  under  underneath  further down than  lower than
less than

41

take up/teɪk ʌp/

کاری (ورزش و ...) را شروع کردن

فعل

42

forecast/ˈfɔːrkæst/

پیش‌بینی

اسم

The national weather forecast on television was calling for light snow in Arkansas.
Spain presented a forecast of the anarchy of Poland.

predict  prophesy  prognosticate  augur  divine

43

take into account/teɪk ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt/

در نظر گرفتن توجه کردن

عبارت

44

boiling/ˈbɔɪ.lɪŋ/

بسیار گرم

صفت

It might get the pot boiling a bit.
He brought in a boiling samovar.

at boiling point  at 100 degrees Celsius  at 100 degrees centigrade
steaming  bubbling  gurgling

45

take out/teɪk aʊt/

سند، مدرک یا وام گرفتن از خدمات اجتماعی (مانند بیمه) استفاده کردن

فعل

46

extreme/ɛkˈstrim/

شدید زیاد، جدی

صفت

The situation called for extreme measures.
Charles bared his teeth in a look of extreme displeasure.

utmost  uttermost  very great  greatest  greatest possible

47

change/tʃeɪndʒ/

تغییر

اسم

alter  make different  become different  undergo a change  make alterations to

48

break/breɪk/

شکستن (قانون، قول و ...) نقض کردن، زیر قول زدن

فعل

If you break it, you replace it.
Are you opposed to a break now and then?

shatter  smash  smash to smithereens  crack  snap

49

get straight to the point/gɛt streɪt tu ðə pɔɪnt/

سر اصل مطلب رفتن مستقیما درباره چیزی صحبت کردن

عبارت

50

temperature/ˈtemp.rə.tʃər/

دما

اسم

They can't keep her temperature down.
The nights were still cold into April, but the temperature climbed into the 60's during the day.

51

speed limit/spid ˈlɪmət/

سرعت مجاز حداکثر سرعت، محدودیت سرعت

اسم

52

breeze/briːz/

نسیم

اسم

A cool breeze touched her cheeks and neck.
It's like a cool breeze on a hot summer day.

gentle wind  breath of wind  puff of air  current of air  flurry of air

53

blizzard/ˈblɪzərd/

کولاک بوران (برف و باد شدید)، توفان شدید

اسم

Hundreds of printed reports covered our premises like a winter blizzard making us look as busy as a toy store at Christmas.
The white sand blowing around looked like a Texas blizzard.

snowstorm, snow blast, snow squall
white-out

54

chilly/ˈʧɪli/

سرد سوزدار

صفت

It can get chilly here at night.
The bedroom in the cottage was chilly with the door to the living room closed.

cold  cool  crisp  fresh  brisk

55

drought/draʊt/

خشکسالی

اسم

Heat and drought had continued for more than three weeks.
The drought is severe; rain falls rarely and in small quantities.

dry spell, dry period, lack of rain, shortage of water
drouth

56

solar panel/ˌsoʊlər ˈpænl/

صفحه خورشیدی

اسم

57

fatal/ˈfeɪt̬.əl/

زیانبار فاجعه آمیز

صفت

The council had also a fatal defect in its constitution.
This step was fatal to Pippin's designs.

deadly  lethal  mortal  causing death  death dealing

58

susceptible/səˈsɛptəbəl/

حساس آسیب پذیر

صفت

Children are much more susceptible than adults.
The greater part of the soil is of inferior quality, and much that is susceptible of cultivation is still lying waste.

impressionable  credulous  gullible  innocent  ingenuous

59

cool/kuːl/

خنک کمی سرد

صفت

She woke to a cool dawn.
It's a nice cool morning.

chilly  cold
fresh  crisp  refreshing  invigorating

60

in advance/ɪn ədˈvæns/

از پیش از قبل

عبارت

beforehand  before  ahead of time  earlier  previously

61

flood/flʌd/

سیل

اسم

Carmen felt warmth flood her face.
She neared him, sensing a flood of raw emotion she didn't understand.

inundation  swamping  deluge
torrent  overflow  flash flood

62

take risk/teɪk rɪsk/

خطر کردن ریسک کردن، پذیرفتن ریسک

عبارت



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