درس 1


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

dietary/ˈdaɪəˌtɛri/

غذایی [وابسته به رژیم غذایی]

صفت

On his return his health was rather worse; but he would submit to no dietary regime.
There are nominally about 35 organized societies in existence, but the extent to which public opinion and practice in the matter of dietary has been affected by vegetarianism is not to be gauged by the membership of such organizations.

2

marketing/ˈmɑːrkɪtɪŋ/

بازاریابی

اسم

I help them with marketing, which was my major until I quit school.
The GM said your team came up with the latest marketing campaign.

shopping centre  marketplace  mart  retail outlet  flea market

3

willing/ˈwɪlɪŋ/

مایل حاضر

صفت

I'm willing to give it a try.
People are always willing to believe the worst about others.

ready  prepared  disposed  inclined  nothing loath

4

extremely/ɪkˈstriːm.li/

به شدت شدیدا

قید

It was an extremely easy victory for me.
Danby had rendered extremely important services to William's cause.

very  exceedingly  exceptionally  especially  extraordinarily

5

smoothly/ˈsmuːð.li/

به نرمی به طور روان

قید

The little mustang responded smoothly under his loving guidance.
It goes smoothly, too.

evenly  level  flat  flush  as flat as a pancake

6

pretty/ˈprɪt̬.i/

خیلی بسیار، کاملا

قید

Your aunt and uncle seem pretty fond of you.
Oh, what a pretty sound it made!

attractive  lovely  good-looking  nice-looking  fetching

7

curfew/ˈkɜːrfjuː/

حکومت نظامی محدودیت آمد و رفت، خاموشی

اسم

The custom of tolling the curfew still prevails in Okehampton.
His parents are really strict about his curfew.

8

intensifier/ɪnˈtɛnsəˌfaɪər/

موکد (دستور زبان) تشدیدکننده

اسم

intensifier tube to produce an image on a phosphor screen that is 100,000 times brighter than the light received.
intensifier controller PCB, mounted on top of PSUs.

9

CFO/si-ɛf-oʊ/

مدیر ارشد مالی

اسم

The job description cheerful in response car breaks down CFO Christine mead.
The proposals will allow county court litigants to send money direct to the CFO.

10

customary/ˈkʌstəˌmɛri/

مرسوم معمول

صفت

All else was to him only life's customary routine.
It was customary to wear the highest rank, and the VP trumped Mr. Tim twice over.

usual  traditional  normal  conventional
familiar  accepted

11

guideline/ˈgaɪˌdlaɪn/

رهنمود خط مشی، دستورالعمل

اسم

Some couples may choose to follow this cost guideline, but in the end a couple should be comfortable with the amount they choose to spend regardless of how many or how few paychecks are needed to pay for the ring.
The idea of spending the equivalent of two months' salary for an engagement ring is a guideline perpetrated by the diamond industry that has no real bearing on what a couple should realistically spend.

recommendation  instruction  direction  suggestion  advice
regulation

12

interview/ˈɪntərvjuː/

مصاحبه کردن

فعل

This interview was proof.
Are you ready for your interview at least?

meeting  discussion  conference  question and answer session  examination

13

regional/ˈriː.dʒən.əl/

منطقه‌ای ناحیه‌ای

صفت

The regional differences of temperature at like depths become less as the depth increases.
It is, then, only in a limited sense that we can see a local canon law in the councils of the various regional 1 Omnium concilii Vaticani.

geographical  topographical  zonal  territorial  topical
by region

14

aware/əˈwɛr/

آگاه خبردار

صفت

The people didn't seem to be aware of me.
They were well aware of what could have happened.

conscious of  acquainted with  informed about  informed of  apprised of

15

dress/dres/

لباس پوشیدن لباس پوشاندن

فعل

That dress is really YOU!
He pushed her against the wall, pulling at her dress again.

put on clothes  don clothes  slip into clothes  clothe oneself  get dressed
clothe

16

requirement/rəˈkwɑɪr.mənt/

نیاز الزام

اسم

To meet this requirement, Walker in 1878 introduced the Cherub FIG.
In connexion with (a) the principal requirement is clearness of field.

need  wish  demand  want  necessity

17

affiliate/əˈfɪliət/

شعبه شرکت وابسته

اسم

Libanius) anxious to affiliate themselves to the Attic Ionians - an anxiety which is illustrated by the Athenian types used on the city's coins.
The universities are empowered to affiliate other academical institutions, and.women students are admitted on an equal footing with men.

associate with  be in league with  unite with  combine with  join with

18

small talk/smɔl tɔk/

گفت‌وگوی خودمانی (مودبانه) خوش و بش

اسم

19

rude/rud/

بی‌ادب گستاخانه، بی‌ادبی

صفت

It simply wasn't like him to be rude like that.
There they might live in peace and safety while all the country round was overrun by rude and barbarous men.

ill-mannered  bad-mannered  impolite  discourteous  impertinent

20

global/ˈɡloʊbl/

جهانی

صفت

All this will happen eventually, I believe, even if global hunger policy were not to change one iota.
Satellite imagery gives a global perspective on the ozone hole.

worldwide  international  world  intercontinental
universal
comprehensive  overall

21

integrated/ˈɪntəˌgreɪtəd/

یکپارچه

صفت

The changes were integrated into host genomes.
These activities were integrated into the teaching of the course.

unified  united  consolidated  amalgamated  joined

22

make a call/meɪk ə kɔl/

تماس گرفتن (تلفن) زنگ زدن

عبارت

23

address/ˈæ.dres/

مورد خطاب قرار دادن

فعل

My email address is in there, too.
We have an address and phone number.

inscription  label  mark  superscription
directions
location  locality

24

call/kɔːl/

تماس (تلفنی)

اسم

He was going to call the doctor.
Do you want me to call Len?

cry out  cry  shout  yell  sing out

25

outside/ɑʊtˈsɑɪd/

بیرون

قید

Felipa said it was supposed to be nice outside today.
Back outside, she headed for the barn.

external surface  outer surface  surface  exterior  outer side

26

grow up/groʊ ʌp/

بزرگ شدن

فعل

27

international/ˌɪn.tərˈnæʃ.ən.əl/

بین‌المللی

صفت

I had more than an hour to wait at Philadelphia International Airport.
French became the language of diplomacy and international affairs.

global  worldwide  intercontinental
cosmopolitan  multiracial  multinational

28

formal/ˈfɔːrml/

رسمی

صفت

No. Do they ever have a formal dinner?
Alex was cordial to his father and formal to his sister.

ceremonial  ceremonious  ritualistic  ritual  conventional

29

annual/ˈænjuəl/

سالانه یکساله، هر ساله

صفت

I miss their annual calendar.
At most, it tolerates one annual loon.

yearly, once-a-year, every twelve months
year-long, lasting a year, twelve-month

30

schedule/ˈskedʒ.uːl/

برنامه زمانی برنامه

اسم

Their schedule seems pretty consistent.
Pick up a copy of your schedule as you head out.

plan  programme  timetable  scheme
timetable  agenda

31

particular/pərˈtɪkjələr/

خاص مخصوص، بخصوص

صفت

The crowd seemed clustered at one particular spot.
She had no particular concern about that part.

specific  certain  distinct  separate  isolated
single

32

definitely/ˈdef.ə.nət.li/

قطعا مسلما، صراحتا

قید

Our trip was definitely a success.
The heat was definitely turned up.

certainly  surely  for sure  unquestionably  beyond doubt

33

address/ˈæ.dres/

خطاب طرز گفتار

اسم

My email address is in there, too.
We have an address and phone number.

inscription  label  mark  superscription
directions
location  locality

34

salon/səˈlɑːn/

سالن

اسم

Despite her increasing ill-health she returned to Paris for the winter of 1816-1817, and her salon was much frequented.
The Salon (1868) followed more closely the type of the English magazine.

shop  parlour  establishment  place  premises

35

timeline/ˈtaɪmlaɪn/

نمودار زمانی محور زمان

اسم

In the Michael Crichton novel Timeline, one of the main characters uses the Greek fire.
The teacher showed the students how to create their history timeline to show the events in chronological order.

36

table manners/ˈteɪbəl ˈmænərz/

آداب غذاخوری

اسم

37

vibrate/vaɪˈbreɪt/

لرزیدن ارتعاش داشتن

فعل

it will sway or vibrate up and down, ultimately coming to rest in its position of equilibrium.
long, where I can vibrate in cold or rainy weather.

quiver  shake  tremble  quaver  waver

38

taboo/təˈbuː/

تابو حرام، نهی شده

صفت

The word holiness (qodesh) in primitive Hebrew usage partook of the nature of taboo, and came to be applied to whatever, whether thing or person, stood in close relation to deity and belonged to him, and could not, therefore, be used or treated like other objects not so related, and so was separated or stood apart.
The custom of taboo was very fully developed.

prohibition  proscription  veto  interdiction  interdict

39

meeting/ˈmiːt̬.ɪŋ/

جلسه قرار ملاقات

اسم

I hope your meeting goes well.
We've got a meeting at two and it's almost one-thirty now.

gathering  assembly  conference  congregation  convention

40

medical/ˈmed.ɪ.kəl/

پزشکی

صفت

That a cultured medical genius found her inspiring was beyond flattering.
It would heal once he reached the main craft with the help of the medical unit but was useless in the meantime.

41

informal/ɪnˈfɔːrml/

غیررسمی راحتی

صفت

Basically. Or would've been, if Darkyn hadn't decided to honor the informal deal he made with her.
So why would he suddenly want her to select the clothes he wore to an informal party where he knew no one.

casual  relaxed  easy-going  natural  unceremonious

42

ballroom/ˈbɔlˌrum/

تالار رقص سالن رقص

اسم

As soon as the provocatively gay strains of Daniel Cooper (somewhat resembling those of a merry peasant dance) began to sound, all the doorways of the ballroom were suddenly filled by the domestic serfs--the men on one side and the women on the other--who with beaming faces had come to see their master making merry.
In the ballroom guests stood crowding at the entrance doors awaiting the Emperor.

43

develop/dɪˈvel.əp/

تولید کردن ایجاد کردن، توسعه دادن، رشد دادن

فعل

The second crop of cabbage was starting to develop, and the okra looked good.
They were already beginning to develop different personalities.

grow  evolve  mature  expand  enlarge

44

placement test/ˈpleɪsmənt tɛst/

آزمون تعیین سطح

اسم

45

conservative/kənˈsɜrvətɪv/

محافظه‌کار

صفت

Pete was conservative with his praise, so she felt honored.
After purchasing a conservative blouse and jeans of quality, she moved on to a less crowded grocery store than the budget one she usually used.

right-wing  reactionary  traditionalist  unprogressive  establishmentarian

46

religious/rəˈlɪdʒ.əs/

مذهبی

صفت

Josh is religious, but there aren't many men who would claim to understand women.
He was buried, with all religious honours, in the church of St Leonard, Basel.

devout  pious  reverent  believing  godly

47

usual/ˈjuː.ʒu.əl/

همیشگی معمول

صفت

As usual, he was right.
Felipa was her usual bubbly self.

habitual  customary  accustomed  wonted  normal

48

mode/moʊd/

حالت

اسم

The indirect mode of budding (figs.
The radio had shifted into Christmas mode with one song after another.

manner  way  fashion  means  method

49

formally/ˈfɔrməli/

به‌طور رسمی رسما

قید

We haven't formally met.
The republic was formally constituted in 1830.

50

advance/ədˈvæns/

قبلی پیش

صفت

Consider it an advance until you get the package.
In many respects he was far in advance of his age.

move forward  proceed  move along  press on  push on

51

change/tʃeɪndʒ/

تغییر کردن عوض کردن، تغییر دادن

فعل

alter  make different  become different  undergo a change  make alterations to

52

cultural/ˈkʌl.tʃə.rəl/

فرهنگی

صفت

This gave people a shared set of cultural references.
In virtue of its cultural institutions, it is also the intellectual and artistic centre of Hungary.

ethnic  racial  folk
societal  lifestyle
aesthetic  artistic

53

denim/ˈden.əm/

لباس جین (شلوار و ...) لی

اسم

He looked like a rancher in his faded denim jeans and plaid shirt.
His shoulders swayed gracefully, the open denim jacket swinging loosely in the breeze.

54

informally/ɪnˈfɔrməli/

به‌طور غیر رسمی

قید

He was informally exiled, and spent much time with Marshal Villars, again increasing his store of "reminiscences."
1133), who brings it into an exhortation quite informally, as if it were in common use.

55

urgent/ˈɜrʤənt/

ضروری اضطراری

صفت

What was so urgent that it couldn't wait?
My queen sent an urgent message to Dierdirien a few days ago.

acute  grave  pressing  dire  desperate

56

elder/ˈeldər/

ریش سفید مسن، پیر، سال‌خورده

اسم

When she entered again, the elder of the two cousins was putting stuff in the fridge.
Paul, who appeared to be the elder brother, was a robust figure who never closed his mouth even while eating.

older  senior  first  firstborn  more grown up

57

occur/əˈkɜːr/

اتفاق افتادن رخ دادن، روی دادن

فعل

I hope it will not occur to her to count the hairs of her head.
Silver, gold, lead and copper ores occur in many localities.

happen  take place  come about  transpire  materialize

58

promptly/ˈprɑmt.li/

فورا سریعا

قید

She answered promptly, "I will pay ten cents."
These discoveries were promptly recognized.

punctually  on time  on the dot  on the nail
bang on  spot on
on the button
on the knocker
quickly

59

date/deɪt/

قرار گذاشتن قرار (عاشقانه) گذاشتن

فعل

day  day of the month  occasion  year  anniversary

60

basis/ˈbeɪ.səs/

به صورت

اسم

So you're on a first name basis with him, huh?
It wasn't as if there was any basis for the feeling.

foundation  support  base  footing
reasoning  rationale

61

awareness/əˈwɛrnəs/

آگاهی اطلاع

اسم

The movement brought a painful awareness of how stiff her muscles were becoming.
The moment their lips met, lightning flew through her, setting every nerve afire with awareness unlike anything she'd felt before.

consciousness  recognition  realization  cognizance  perception

62

offensive/əˈfen.sɪv/

توهین‌آمیز

صفت

We must respect their traditions, no matter how offensive they are.
It was decided therefore to abandon offensive operations.

insulting  rude  derogatory  disrespectful  hurtful

63

FYI/ɛf-waɪ-aɪ/

برای آگاهی شما محض اطلاع شما

اسم

If the velocity ratio is to be -constant, as in, fYi Williss Class A, the wheels must be circular; and this is the most common form for wheels.
FYI: All leather doesn't just come from cows.

64

buffet/bəˈfeɪ/

بوفه منو باز، منو آزاد

اسم

A bar stood in one corner and a buffet table in another.
A breakfast buffet lined one end of the cafeteria, with brown-robed women moving in between the food and the kitchen.

cold table  cold meal  self-service  smorgasbord
cafe  cafeteria

65

punctuality/ˌpʌŋkʧuˈælɪti/

وقت‌شناسی

اسم

Have not men improved somewhat in punctuality since the railroad was invented?
By the adoption of a regular system of work, and a careful plan of reduction, he was able to keep his observations reduced practically up to date, and published them annually with a degree of punctuality which astonished his contemporaries.

66

When in Rome, do as Romans do./wɛn ɪn roʊm, du æz ˈroʊmənz du./

خواهی نشوی رسوا همرنگ جماعت شو.

جمله

67

dress/dres/

لباس پوشش

اسم

That dress is really YOU!
He pushed her against the wall, pulling at her dress again.

put on clothes  don clothes  slip into clothes  clothe oneself  get dressed
clothe

68

outlook/ˈaʊtlʊk/

چشم‎انداز آتیه

اسم

What she knew was that her father and his lies had skewed her outlook on her world for ten years.
Thus, with the succession uncertain, with the Turk at the very door, with the prospect, dismal at the best, of a long minority, the political outlook was both embarrassing and perilous.

point of view  viewpoint  views  slant  angle

69

inappropriate/ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt/

نامناسب ناشایست، ناجور

صفت

He was talking and acting in an inappropriate manner.
Carmen, when a man touches and talks to you in an inappropriate matter, you set him straight.

unsuitable  unfitting  ill-suited  unseemly  unbecoming

70

corridor/ˈkɔrədər/

راهرو دالان

اسم

passage  passageway  aisle  gangway  hall

71

unbelievably/ˌʌnbəˈlivəbli/

به طور غیر قابل باور به طور باور نکردنی

قید

What he proposed was unbelievably generous.
I don't know what I'd have done without the neighbors—they've been unbelievably kind.

72

remark/rəˈmɑrk/

نظر اظهار نظر

اسم

His remark stung, as he'd meant it to.
His remark about how she looked in the swimsuit made it obvious that he saw her as something more than a baby sitter or maid.

comment  say  observe  mention  reflect

73

shorts/ʃɔːrts/

شلوارک شلوار کوتاه

اسم

She wore a T-shirt and shorts that revealed her shapely, soft legs.
Faust wore new hiking shorts that exposed bowed legs as white as winter.

small  little  tiny  minuscule
teeny  teeny-weeny
small

74

speech/spiːtʃ/

گفتار تکلم، بیان

اسم

I guess the speech went pretty well.
You made that silly speech the other night and I'm still not buying.

speaking  talking  verbal communication  verbal expression  articulation
diction

75

come together/kʌm təˈgɛðər/

گرد هم آمدن دور هم جمع شدن

فعل

76

luncheon/ˈlʌnʧən/

ناهار (رسمی)

اسم

To-day I took luncheon with the Freshman Class of Radcliffe.
But now, good wanderers, your luncheon is on the table, so please sit down and eat as much as you like.

77

permission/pərˈmɪʃ.ən/

اجازه

اسم

She politely asked her mother for permission, which was granted.
I don't need your permission anyway, Xander.

authorization  consent  leave  authority  sanction

78

respect/rɪˈspekt/

احترام گذاشتن

فعل

Treat them with respect and take care of them.
I'm disappointed in your decision, but I respect it.

esteem  regard  high regard  high opinion  acclaim

79

chameleon/ʧəˈmɛliən/

آفتاب پرست

اسم

carolinensis, the "chameleon," can change colour to an extraordinary degree.
With the exception of the chameleon, all drag their body over the ground, the limbs being wide apart, turned outwards and relatively to the bulk of the body generally weak.

80

definite/ˈdef.ə.nət/

قطعی حتمی

صفت

That woman has a definite problem.
The wind circulation over the Atlantic is of a very definite character.

explicit  specific  express  precise  exact

81

ground/grɑʊnd/

در خانه نگه داشتن نوجوانان (به منظور تنبیه)

فعل

Jule lay on the ground a short distance away.
"I can't even see the ground," she said.

floor  earth  terra firma
flooring
deck
earth  soil  topsoil

82

casual/ˈkæʒəwəl/

راحتی غیررسمی

صفت

Her dress was casual but stunning.
An ant is easily recognized both by the casual observer and by the student of insects.

indifferent  apathetic  uncaring  uninterested  unconcerned
lackadaisical

83

run/rʌn/

اداره کردن کنترل کردن، مدیریت کردن

فعل

I didn't run away.
I could have run away from my father, as I wanted to.

sprint  race  dart  rush  dash

84

mind/mɑɪnd/

مهم بودن اشکال نداشتن

فعل

Those words stayed in her mind all afternoon.
How long would these mind games go on?

brain  intelligence  intellect  intellectual capabilities  mental capacity

85

aspect/ˈæˌspɛkt/

جنبه وجه، بعد

اسم

The house had escaped the fire; it showed signs of damage but its general aspect was unchanged.
My favorite aspect of this home is the large, farmhouse style kitchen.

feature  facet  side  characteristic  particular

86

dinosaur/ˈdɑɪ.nəˌsɔːr/

دایناسور

اسم

or lower Tertiary formation containing fossils of Dinosaurs and Mosasaurs, and in the museum of the university of Montana is the greater part of the skeleton of a Dinosaur which was found here.
Successive discoveries gradually revealed the world of extinct Reptilia; in 1821 Charles Konig (1784-1851), the first keeper of the mineralogical collection in the British Museum, described Ichthyosaurus from the Jurassic; in the same year William Daniel Conybeare (1787-1857) described Plesiosaurus; and a year later (1822) Mosasaurus; in 1824 William Buckland described the great carnivorous dinosaur Megalosaurus; while Gideon Algernon Mantell (1790--1852) in 1848 announced the discovery of Iguanodon.

87

society/səˈsaɪəti/

جامعه اجتماع

اسم

I thought maybe I wasn't high society material.
He had a brilliant position in society thanks to his intimacy with Countess Bezukhova, a brilliant position in the service thanks to the patronage of an important personage whose complete confidence he enjoyed, and he was beginning to make plans for marrying one of the richest heiresses in Petersburg, plans which might very easily be realized.

the community  the public  the general public  the people  the population
civilization

88

front desk/ˌfrʌnt ˈdesk/

(میز) پذیرش

اسم

89

required/riˈkwaɪərd/

ضروری لازم، الزامی

صفت

Quinn was required to pick up extra classes when an older professor passed away suddenly.
Alex and Jonathan had a relationship that required few words.

essential  vital  indispensable  necessary  needed

90

CEO/ˌsiː iː ˈoʊ/

مدیر عامل مدیر ارشد اجرایی

اسم

Actually, quite beautiful, and very cultured, old money, CEO of some company or other, blah, blah, blah.
The CEO received accolades for business success.

91

take a call/teɪk ə kɔl/

جواب تلفن دادن به تلفن پاسخ دادن

عبارت

92

living/ˈlɪv.ɪŋ/

زنده

صفت

He's living his dream.
We're living in the 21st century, Mary.

livelihood  income  source of income  means of support  means

93

polite/pəˈlɑɪt/

مودب مودبانه

صفت

I guess I wasn't very polite, making a face like that.
His polite address terrified her.

well mannered  civil  courteous  respectful  deferential

94

socially/ˈsoʊʃəli/

از لحاظ اجتماعی

قید

Socially they suffered by the outburst of religious animosity.
The assumption explicitly made by General Walker that among the immigrants no influence was yet excited in restriction of population, is also not only gratuitous, but inherently weak; the European peasant who landed (where the great majority have stayed) in the eastern industrial states was thrown suddenly under the influence of the forces just referred to; forces possibly of stronger influence upon him than upon native classes, which are in general economically and socially more stable, On the whole, the better opinion is probably that of a later authority on the vital statistics of the country, Dr John Shaw Billings,i that though the characteristics of modern life doubtless influence the birth-rate somewhat, by raising the average age of marriage, lessening unions, and increasing divorce and prostitution, their great influence is through the transmutation into necessities of the luxuries of simpler times; not automatically, but in the direction of an increased resort to means for the prevention of child-bearing.

95

slacks/slæks/

شلوار پارچه‎ای

اسم

She was dressed in a pair of light colored slacks, a pale blue blouse and was barefoot.
This weight pulls directly against the rope; so if the latter slacks, the weight pulls out the pulley frame and tightens it up again.

loose  limp  not taut  not tight  hanging

96

stick with/stɪk wɪð/

چسبیدن به ادامه دادن با

فعل

97

literacy/ˈlɪtərəsi/

سواد

اسم

The tendency is therefore clearly toward an ultimate higher literacy for females; a natural result where the two sexes enjoy equal facilities of schooling, and the females greater leisure.
Why was the revival of literacy such a key element in Alfred's reforms?

ability to read and write  reading ability  writing ability  reading proficiency  writing proficiency
learning

98

personalize/ˈpɜrsənəˌlaɪz/

شخصی کردن اختصاصی کردن، فردی کردن

فعل

For an elegant take, consider having the shirts monogrammed with the bridal party members' initials.Another way to personalize the tees is to include the date of the wedding and the bride and groom's names.
bookplates designed by your favorite illustrators to personalize your own books.

customize  individualize  give a personal touch to  make distinctive  make to order
personify

99

promote/prəˈmoʊt/

ترویج دادن ترفیع دادن، ترقی دادن، تشویق کردن

فعل

His conduct of affairs was by earnest efforts to promote education and to develop the resources of the country.
In Sir Benjamin D'Urban Philip found a governor anxious to promote the interests of the natives.

advance  upgrade  give promotion to  give a higher position to  elevate

100

opening/ˈoʊ.pə.nɪŋ/

آغازین اولیه

صفت

She straightened her hair and collected her thoughts before opening the door.
Opening his morning comment, she read.

hole  gap  aperture  space  orifice

101

call/kɔːl/

نامیدن صدا زدن، صدا کردن

فعل

He was going to call the doctor.
Do you want me to call Len?

cry out  cry  shout  yell  sing out

102

relative/ˈrel.ət̬.ɪv/

خویشاوند (عضوی از) فامیل

اسم

Only their relative wealth is different.
Xander remained upstairs, letting her handle the set-up in relative peace.

comparative  respective  comparable  correlative  parallel

103

workforce/ˈwɜːrkfɔːrs/

نیروی کار

اسم

Second, if everybody had the opportunity to log on to Facebook or check their personal e-mail throughout the day, the time wasted doing so would lower productivity in the workforce or keep students from paying attention at school.
The economy has made it more difficult for a parent to remain home with young children, job opportunities have improved for women in the workforce, and more and more women are choosing to remain working after becoming mothers.

employees  staff  personnel  human resources
workers  labour force

104

double standard/ˈdʌbəl ˈstændərd/

یک بام و دو هوا استاندارد دوگانه

اسم

105

motto/ˈmɑtoʊ/

شعار

اسم

The ribbon is red with the motto For Love and Fatherland in silver letters.
The motto is Magnanime pretium.

maxim  saying  proverb  aphorism  adage

106

incredibly/ɪnˈkred.ə.bli/

به‌طور باور نکردنی به‌شدت، خیلی

قید

He looked incredibly sad.
She worked a miracle there in an incredibly short space of time.

107

text/tekst/

پیام دادن (از طریق موبایل)

فعل

I'll text you my address.
He pulled out his phone to text Damian.

written work  book  work  printed work  narrative
words

108

refrain/rɪˈfreɪn/

اجتناب کردن خودداری کردن

فعل

You must refrain from action.
She could not refrain from weeping at these words.

abstain  desist  hold back  stop oneself  withhold
forbear

109

tradition/trəˈdɪʃən/

سنت رسم

اسم

It's a tradition around here.
Our family has a long tradition of self-sacrifice and charity.

historical convention  unwritten law  oral history  heritage
lore  folklore

110

presentation/ˌprez.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/

سخنرانی ارائه، نطق

اسم

The next stop on his list was visiting Ms. Lydia Larkin, deputy sheriff, whose presentation of a speeding ticket and general attitude still pissed him off, just remembering it.
The subject for history is not man's will itself but our presentation of it.

awarding  presenting  giving  handing over  dispensing

111

attach/əˈtætʃ/

ضمیمه کردن الصاق کردن

فعل

But with a bike there's nothing I can attach to.
It is impossible to attach political importance to these revolutions; nor did they bring the people any appreciable good.

fasten  fix  affix  join  connect

112

really/ˈriː.li/

واقعا براستی

قید

I really like the look of wood - especially when it looks this graceful.
You look really tired.

in fact  in actual fact  actually  in reality  in point of fact

113

proper/ˈprɑp.ər/

مناسب صحیح

صفت

The police responded and I was taken to a hospital where proper care was being given.
Proper detective work calls for an orderly investigation.

real  genuine  actual  true  bona fide
kosher
right

114

etiquette/ˈɛtəkət/

آداب اتیکت

اسم

The people have strict notions of etiquette and gradations of rank.
From what little she knew about etiquette, she was occupying the seat of the lady of the house.

protocol  polite behaviour  good manners  manners  acceptable behaviour

115

respectful/rɪˈspektfl/

محترم مودبانه، مودب

صفت

Clement replied in 1705 with a bull condemning respectful silence.
Above all, try to be respectful and cautious with the old prince.

deferential  reverent  admiring  humble  reverential

116

observe/əbˈzɜrv/

رعایت کردن

فعل

Now, good people, observe me carefully.
I find it interesting to observe Molly.

notice  see  note  perceive  discern

117

adapt/əˈdæpt/

سازگار کردن تعدیل کردن، وفق دادن، سازگار شدن

فعل

He needed to adapt his strategies when dealing with her.
How long would it take her to adapt to this culture?

modify  alter  make alterations to  change  adjust

118

feel free/fil fri/

اجازه داشتن

عبارت

119

strict/strɪkt/

مطلق سرسخت

صفت

In fact, he had given her strict orders not to lift anything.
I'm under strict orders to keep you safe.

precise  exact  literal  close  faithful

120

agenda/əˈʤɛndə/

دستور جلسه

اسم

So, what's on the agenda today, Princess?
His agenda was one born of experience: if the scales between the White and Black Gods tipped too far one way, life was bad.

list of items  schedule  programme  timetable  line-up

121

change/tʃeɪndʒ/

تغییر

اسم

alter  make different  become different  undergo a change  make alterations to

122

culture/ˈkʌl.tʃər/

فرهنگ

اسم

If only she understood our culture better.
How long would it take her to adapt to this culture?

the arts  the humanities
intellectual achievement  intellectual achievements  intellectual activity
literature  music

123

impolite/ˌɪm.pəˈlɑɪt/

بی‌ادب بی‌ادبانه

صفت

"Permit me to say," returned the dragonette, "that you are rather impolite to call us names, knowing that we cannot resent your insults.
You know, my mother always said it was impolite to stare.

rude  bad-mannered  ill-mannered  unmannerly  discourteous

124

so/soʊ/

بسیار آنقدر، اینقدر

قید

I know you must be tired, so I will let you rest.
I know I'm not much account; but I'm the only horse in all the Land of Oz, so they treat me with great respect.

mediocre  indifferent  average  middle-of-the-road  middling

125

step/step/

رفتن قدم برداشتن

فعل

Step this way, please.
The men looked at him and pressed to the bank, hesitating to step onto the ice.

pace  footstep  stride
footstep  footfall  tread

126

today/təˈdeɪ/

امروزه

قید

What are we going to do today, Dad?
That was all today amounted to - a manipulation.

this day  this very day  before tomorrow  this morning  this afternoon

127

over/ˈoʊ.vər/

طی در طول

حرف اضافه

He is famous all over the world.
What are you doing over here?

above  on top of  higher than  higher up than  atop
across



به اشتراک بگذارید :


پیشنهاد ویژه

تماس

پشتیبانی پشتیبانی

s) - Google Analytics -->