درس 2


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

island/ˈɑɪ.lənd/

جزیره

اسم

He swam to an island that was not far away.
It was a small island, and there was no one living on it.

isle, islet
atoll
key
cay
ait, holm
skerry
archipelago, chain, group

2

viewer/ˈvjuː.ər/

بیننده

اسم

She waited until the viewer flashed off before slumping.
The viewer beeped, and she wiped her face again.

watcher  television watcher  spectator  onlooker  observer

3

already/ɔːlˈred.i/

از قبل قبلا

قید

We have already seen this method work.
What are you going to hide from me that I haven't already seen?

by that time  by this time  by now  by then  thus far

4

protect/prəˈtekt/

محافظت کردن

فعل

They are elected or appointed to protect the rights of the citizens, yet they become the agents of their death.
"I can't protect you," she said.

keep safe  keep from harm  save  safeguard  shield

5

serious/ˈsɪriəs/

جدی

صفت

This is serious stuff.
Don't joke; I mean to have a serious talk with you.

solemn  earnest  grave  sober  sombre

6

historical/hɪˈstɔːr.ɪ.kəl/

تاریخی

صفت

What causes historical events?
I see us today in a situation like those historical ones.

documented  recorded  chronicled  attested  factual

7

mysterious/mɪsˈtɪriəs/

اسرارآمیز رمزآلود، سری

صفت

Stepping around the horse, he disappeared down that mysterious pathway.
They still had something mysterious and exciting to explore.

puzzling  strange  peculiar  curious  funny

8

classic/ˈklæsɪk/

(آثار) کلاسیک فیلم کلاسیک

اسم

I guess I wanted to ask you the classic question.
Isn't that a classic definition of good politician?

definitive  authoritative
outstanding  of the highest quality  first-rate  first-class

9

stupid/ˈstuː.pɪd/

ابلهانه احمقانه

صفت

I did a stupid thing last night.
It was a stupid question, of course.

unintelligent  ignorant  dense  brainless  mindless

10

apologize/əˈpɑl.əˌdʒɑɪz/

عذرخواهی کردن

فعل

I am the first to apologize, you know me!
We apologize for the mistake and the inconvenience.

say sorry  express regret  be apologetic  make an apology  ask forgiveness

11

drama/ˈdrɑmə/

(فیلم و سریال) درام

اسم

The Romans and Italians had an indigenous drama of their own, known by the name of Satura, which prepared them for the reception of the more regular Greek drama.
In all of thirty minutes, some sort of drama would emerge once the inhabitants awoke.

play  show  piece  theatrical work  spectacle

12

aggressively/əˈgres.ɪv.li/

تهاجمی پرخاشگرانه

قید

She responded as aggressively as he.
If Alex had reacted aggressively, the situation might have been entirely different, but Alex kept his head.

13

disastrously/dɪˈzæstrəsli/

به طور فاجعه‌بار

قید

Thus swiftly and disastrously ended the southern expedition.
the campaign which ended so disastrously at Legnano.

catastrophic  calamitous  cataclysmic  tragic
devastating  ravaging

14

impossible/ɪmˈpɑs.ə.bəl/

غیرممکن

صفت

It was impossible to keep Helen quiet.
It was impossible to make out what he wanted.

not possible  beyond the bounds of possibility  out of the question  not worth considering
unfeasible  impractical

15

horror/ˈhɑːrər/

ترسناک

اسم

It looks like something out of a horror movie.
With a deep breath, she opened the door, uncertain what horror she'd face next.

terror  fear  fear and trembling  fearfulness  fright

16

treat/trit/

مهمان کردن

فعل

Don't treat me that way, Alex.
Treat them with respect and take care of them.

behave towards  act towards  conduct oneself towards  use  serve
deal with

17

oversleep/ˌoʊvərˈslip/

خواب ماندن بیش از حد معمول خوابیدن، دیر از خواب بلند شدن

فعل

oversleep in the mornings is Robert's worst habit!
ill-timed wake-up call leads me to oversleep the early morning seminar, one I was looking forward to.

18

would rather/wʊd ˈræðər/

ترجیح دادن

عبارت

19

magnificent/mægˈnɪf.ə.sənt/

مجلل محشر

صفت

Nothing was going to ruin this magnificent day.
The magnificent reception room was crowded.

splendid  spectacular  impressive  striking  glorious

20

furthermore/ˈfɜr.ðərˌmɔːr/

علاوه بر این

قید

Furthermore, in North Carolina the governor has no veto power.
Furthermore, this belief that prophecy had ceased led the religious personalities of the later time to authenticate their message by means of antedated prophecy.

moreover  further  what's more  also  additionally

21

producer/prəˈduːsər/

تهیه‌کننده (رادیو، تلویزیون و ...)

اسم

Of the less important minerals, Canada is the world's chief producer of asbestos and corundum.
Which reminds me, you've got a ten o'clock today with your producer to plan out shooting for the next season, Ingrid said.

manufacturer  maker  builder  fabricator  creator
grower

22

science fiction/ˈsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃən/

علمی - تخیلی (داستان، فیلم)

اسم

23

normal/ˈnɔːr.məl/

معمول معمولی، نرمال

صفت

He was normal in that respect.
Yet the next morning he acted normal - even cheerful.

usual  standard  typical  stock  common

24

preference/ˈpref.ə.rəns/

اولویت ارجحیت

اسم

Their dates had been modest, but was that by preference, or because he had limited funding?
where he took the first prize in mathematics and physics; at the Ecole Polytechnique, where he stood first at the exit examination in 1819; and at the Ecole des Mines (1819-1822), where he began to show a decided preference for the science with which his name is associated.

liking  partiality  predilection  proclivity  fondness

25

fan/fæn/

طرفدار هوادار

اسم

I am a huge fan of heritage meats.
I am a fan of free will, so it's your choice.

air cooler  air conditioner  ventilator  blower  aerator
punkah
cool

26

title/ˈtaɪtl/

عنوان نام، اسم

اسم

My brother inherited the title when he died.
Do you think money and title are the only reasons to marry?

name  subtitle
subject
caption  legend  inscription  label

27

completely/kəmˈpliːt.li/

کاملا

قید

The house was completely empty.
He wasn't completely wrong.

totally  entirely  wholly  thoroughly  fully

28

review/rɪˈvjuː/

نقد نقد و بررسی

اسم

Shall we review what you've learned?
So let's review my key points to see if they are compelling.

analysis  evaluation  assessment  appraisal  examination

29

truly/ˈtruː.li/

واقعا

قید

She truly wanted to help him.
They seemed to truly care for each other.

truthfully  honestly  frankly  candidly  openly

30

comedy/ˈkɑmədi/

نمایش خنده‌دار کمدی

اسم

He introduced genuine comedy among his countrymen.
Mrs. Keller and I watched the nursery comedy from the door.

light entertainment
comic film  comic play
farce  situation comedy  burlesque  pantomime

31

encourage/ɛnˈkɜrɪʤ/

ترغیب کردن مجاب کردن

فعل

I think you will not encourage him.
It was intended to encourage her, but it was more a distraction.

hearten  cheer  buoy up  uplift  inspire

32

genre/ˈʒɑːnrə/

ژانر گونه

اسم

Before you begin writing your novel, you must decide on a form and a genre.
Movies in the romantic genre are often cheesy and fake.

category  class  classification  categorization  group

33

adult/əˈdʌlt/

بزرگسال بالغ

اسم

Who's the adult here?
He's an adult, or nearly so.

mature  grown-up  fully grown  full-grown  fully developed

34

prevent/prɪˈvent/

جلوگیری کردن پیشگیری کردن

فعل

More than likely the correction was to prevent her from being embarrassed.
Nature found a way to prevent that.

stop  put a stop to  avert  nip in the bud  fend off

35

scene/siːn/

منظره صحنه، سکانس

اسم

The entire scene was surreal.
We won't go anywhere near the crime scene; ever.

location  site  place  position  point

36

documentary/ˌdɑk.jəˈmen.t̬ə.ri/

فیلم مستند

اسم

There is documentary evidence of a castle at Nantwich in the 13th century.
The first attempt to deal with the subject on documentary evidence is A.

recorded  documented  registered  written  chronicled

37

harm/hɑrm/

آسیب رساندن صدمه زدن

فعل

injury  hurt  pain  suffering  distress

38

funny/ˈfʌn.i/

بامزه سرگرم کننده، خنده دار، جالب

صفت

He's acting funny today.
"That's not funny," she said, turning to glare at him.

amusing  humorous  comic  comical  droll

39

effect/ɪˈfekt/

تاثیر اثر

اسم

The changes had an immediate effect.
Its effect was immediate.

result  consequence  upshot  outcome  out-turn

40

as/æz/

به عنوان در مقام، به جای

حرف اضافه

She's as perfect as she can be.
Her face warmed as she thought of it.

while  just as  even as  at the time that  at the same time that

41

perhaps/pərˈhæps/

شاید

قید

maybe  for all I know  for all you know  it could be  it could be that

42

exposure/ɪkˈspoʊʒər/

در معرض‎گذاری دسترسی

اسم

Exposure at night should be avoided.
God knows you probably saved my life, at least from exposure or pneumonia.

revealing  revelation  uncovering  presentation
baring  laying bare

43

classic/ˈklæsɪk/

کلاسیک

صفت

I guess I wanted to ask you the classic question.
Isn't that a classic definition of good politician?

definitive  authoritative
outstanding  of the highest quality  first-rate  first-class

44

hilarious/hɪˈlɛriəs/

(خیلی) خنده‌دار

صفت

There's something completely hilarious but also slightly disturbing about seeing dozens upon dozens of crab legs shaking about in the air.The scale at which the game progresses is an amazing thing to behold.
While many women are familiar with waxing as a hair removal technique, a lot of men have no knowledge of it outside of that hilarious (if not painful) scene in the film The 40 Year-Old Virgin with Steve Carrell.

very funny  extremely amusing  hysterically funny  hysterical  uproarious

45

society/səˈsaɪəti/

جامعه اجتماع

اسم

I thought maybe I wasn't high society material.
He had a brilliant position in society thanks to his intimacy with Countess Bezukhova, a brilliant position in the service thanks to the patronage of an important personage whose complete confidence he enjoyed, and he was beginning to make plans for marrying one of the richest heiresses in Petersburg, plans which might very easily be realized.

the community  the public  the general public  the people  the population
civilization

46

stream/striːm/

آنلاین گوش دادن/نگاه کردن

فعل

I switched boats mid stream and expected you to follow me.
"I left her near a stream," Gabe said, looking around.

brook  rivulet  rill  runnel  streamlet

47

wilderness/ˈwɪldərnəs/

طبیعت بکر سرزمین دست نخورده

اسم

I) - remaining hidden in the wilderness 1260 days.
The battle of the Wilderness (q.v.) went on for two days, with little advantage to either side.

wilds  wastes  uninhabited region  inhospitable region  uncultivated region

48

program/ˈproʊ.græm/

برنامه

اسم

Jessi watched her program a new contact into it.
Judging by the training program, you've reached my level already.

schedule  agenda  calendar  timetable
order of events  list of events

49

convict/ˈkɑːnvɪkt/

محکوم کردن

فعل

Convict mechanics are rarely found ready made.
The old man was living as a convict, submitting as he should and doing no wrong.

declare guilty  find guilty  pronounce guilty
sentence  give someone a sentence
send down for
prisoner  inmate
criminal

50

violence/ˈvɑɪ.ə.ləns/

خشونت خشونت آمیز، آشوب

اسم

Where did all the anger and violence come from?
The police blamed street violence though the neighborhood was wrong and girl had no known gang involvement.

brutality  brute force  roughness  ferocity  fierceness

51

silly/ˈsɪl.i/

احمقانه مزخرف، احمق

صفت

All right, I'll play your silly games.
Claire thinks I'm a silly goose about it.

foolish  stupid  unintelligent  idiotic  brainless

52

behavior/bəˈheɪ.vjər/

رفتار

اسم

My sisters will instruct you in the behavior I expect of you.
"Boss, you can send her to behavior modification training," Pierre suggested.

conduct  way of behaving  way of acting  deportment  bearing

53

plot/plɑːt/

پیرنگ خط داستانی

اسم

The plot summary leaves a lot to be desired!
Sofia didn't have time to plot how to approach her.

conspiracy  intrigue  secret plan  secret scheme  stratagem
machinations
cabal

54

limit/ˈlɪm.ət/

محدود کردن

فعل

We have to limit the strain we place him under or he'll break.
There is a certain limit of time in less than which no amount of heat can melt the snow.

boundary  border  boundary line  bound  bounding line

55

bunch/bʌntʃ/

گروه

اسم

Mom took us shopping today and got a bunch of stuff.
She gave me a beautiful bunch of violets.

bouquet  spray  posy  nosegay  corsage
wreath

56

crime/kraɪm/

جرم جنایت

اسم

You're not accused of any crime so I'm not harboring any fugitives.
We won't go anywhere near the crime scene; ever.

offence  unlawful act  illegal act  breach of the law  infraction of the law

57

bear/ber/

خرس

اسم

I could not bear to see her punished.
It wasn't the first time she had seen a bear track, but it was the first time she had seen one that fresh.

carry  bring  transport  move  convey

58

fictional/ˈfɪkʃənəl/

خیالی ساختگی

صفت

He felt little concern, however; let the old man read about a real mystery instead of his fictional sleuth sto­ries.
Or to continue with fictional cases: Why does gasoline made from oil refined at one refinery burn more efficiently?

fictitious  invented  imaginary  imagined  made up

59

star/stɑr/

نقش اصلی ایفا کردن

فعل

"A silent film star," Charlie said.
The man with the star regarded her with his calm, expressionless eyes.

celestial body  heavenly body  sun
asteroid  planet  planetoid
orb
horoscope

60

totally/ˈtoʊt̬.əl.i/

کاملا

قید

We'll totally load up.
Totally absent was any mention of Julie O'Malley.

completely  absolutely  entirely  wholly  fully

61

town/tɑʊn/

شهر (کوچک)

اسم

Meet us in town this afternoon.
I'll be back in town Friday.

urban area  conurbation  municipality  borough  township

62

fight/fɑɪt/

دعوا کردن جر و بحث کردن

فعل

I don't know what there is to fight about.
I can fight and hunt.

brawl  come to blows  exchange blows  assault each other  attack each other

63

child abuse/ˈtʃaɪld əbjuːs/

کودک آزاری

اسم

64

join up/ʤɔɪn ʌp/

پیوستن ملحق شدن

فعل

enlist, join
enrol in, sign up for, volunteer for
take the King's shilling

65

miss/mɪs/

جا ماندن (از)

فعل

Miss Clara chuckled like a mother hen.
"I miss you," he whispered.

fail to hit  be wide of  go wide of  fall short of
fail to catch  drop

66

criminal/ˈkrɪmɪnl/

مجرم جانی

اسم

I don't want some dangerous criminal living next door.
His brother was brought in and finally confessed, professing he had no knowledge of Jude's criminal activities.

lawbreaker  offender  villain  delinquent  malefactor

67

understand/ˌʌndərˈstænd/

فهمیدن دریافتن، متوجه شدن، دانستن

فعل

And the whole thing has been unnatural because that cat and I are both able to talk your language, and to understand the words you say.
We all understand intuitively there is plenty of food in the world.

comprehend  apprehend  grasp  see  take in

68

for/fɔːr/

به مدت برای [زمان]

حرف اضافه

I've waited at that station for five hours.
Old deeds for old people, and new deeds for new.

69

blockbuster/ˈblɑːkbʌstər/

فیلم بسیار موفق

اسم

The Deans and Fred were torn between discussing Fitzgerald's blockbuster announcement and this conversation, which was becoming more interesting by the minute.
blockbuster movies will freeze at times.

70

without/wɪðˈɑʊt/

بدون

حرف اضافه

When he continued to watch her without response, she sighed.
He walked in without knocking.

lacking  in need of  wanting for  needing  requiring

71

commit/kəˈmɪt/

مرتکب شدن صورت گرفتن (جرم)

فعل

She was admitting to a crime she didn't commit, knowing it was her son who did it.
Before you commit to a number, think of this.

carry out  do  perform  perpetrate  engage in

72

murder/ˈmɜːrdər/

قتل (عمد)

اسم

The murder happened days, maybe weeks ago.
His murder was someone else's headache.

killing  homicide  assassination  liquidation  extermination

73

realistic/ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/

واقع‌گرایی رئالیستی

صفت

For some reason, he experienced a very realistic vision.
You're supposed to be taking care of me, but that isn't realistic 100% of the time, is it?

practical  pragmatic  matter-of-fact  down-to-earth  sensible

74

danger/ˈdeɪn.dʒər/

خطر

اسم

Then a strange, fearful sense of danger terrified me.
She knew what danger she was in.

peril  hazard  risk  jeopardy  endangerment

75

fisherman/ˈfɪʃərˌmæn/

ماهیگیر

اسم

The instrument generally employed is a bag-shaped net attached to a semicircular hoop, provided with a long handle and pushed over the surface of the sand by a fisherman wading in the water at ebb-tide.
He speaks Finnish with Finns, Mongolian with Buriats, Ostiak with Ostiaks; he shows remarkable facility in adapting his agricultural practices to new conditions, without, however, abandoning the village community; he becomes hunter, cattle-breeder or fisherman, and carries on these occupations according to local usage; he modifies his dress and adapts his religious beliefs to the locality he inhabits.

angler
rod
fisher
piscator

76

since/sɪns/

از آن زمان از ... تا حالا

حرف اضافه

Since you arrived, she is not sure this is the way.
"It's a long time since we met," he said.

77

disaster/dɪˈzæs.tər/

مصیبت بلا، ناکامی بزرگ

اسم

The events which led to this disaster may be briefly told.
She froze when she saw the disaster that was her apartment.

catastrophe  calamity  cataclysm  tragedy  act of God

78

tragedy/ˈtræʤədi/

تراژدی مصیبت، فاجعه

اسم

For every tragedy, there is a possible happy ending.
As we move toward that future, it is a great tragedy that the experiences of all the people of the past are lost to us.

disaster  calamity  catastrophe  cataclysm  devastation

79

act/ækt/

عمل کار

اسم

He did not act as if it was bothering him.
Act like nothing is wrong.

take action  take steps  take measures  take the initiative  move

80

play/pleɪ/

گذاشتن (موسیقی و فیلم) پخش کردن

فعل

Want to play a game?
Sometimes Alex and Jonathan play soccer, and sometimes we all go for a ride in the buggy.

amuse oneself  entertain oneself  enjoy oneself  have fun  have a good time

81

scientific/ˌsɑɪ.ənˈtɪf.ɪk/

علمی

صفت

His scientific jubilee was celebrated in Paris in 1901.
All scientific material from the past is making its way online.

technological  technical
research-based  factual  knowledge-based  empirical
chemical

82

get/get/

سوار شدن (وسایل نقلیه)

فعل

Let's get in out of this cold wind.
Here, then, I made my home; and although it is a lonely place I amuse myself making rustles and flutters, and so get along very nicely.

acquire  obtain  come by  come to have  come into possession of

83

avoid/əˈvɔɪd/

دوری کردن اجتناب کردن، پرهیز کردن

فعل

You can't avoid conflict all the time.
Why lie when she made it so easy for him to avoid talking about it at all?

keep away from  stay away from  steer clear of  circumvent  give a wide berth to

84

try/traɪ/

سعی کردن تلاش کردن

فعل

Why don't you try calling your family again?
Try to stay out of the woods.

attempt  endeavour  make an effort  exert oneself  seek

85

movie/ˈmuː.vi/

فیلم

اسم

Deidre watched the movie in both fascination and fear.
It was the basis for the movie War Games in which the military's computer finally figures out it can't win in a nuclear launch scenario and says of such a war, Strange game.

film  picture  motion picture  feature  feature film
flick

86

length/lɛŋkθ/

مدت (زمان)

اسم

His canines were four times the length of hers.
in length, with a basal girth of 24 in.

extent  extent lengthwise  distance  distance lengthwise  linear measure

87

study/ˈstʌd.i/

مطالعه بررسی

اسم

I guess I should stay here and study as well, but...
I study about the earth, and the animals, and I like arithmetic exceedingly.

learning  education  schooling  work  academic work

88

demonstrate/ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/

نشان دادن بیانگر چیزی بودن

فعل

I tried to demonstrate the panic I felt.
Though we may allow that the results obtained by Rumford and Davy demonstrate satisfactorily that heat is in some way due to motion, yet they do not tell us to what particular dynamical quantity heat corresponds.

show  show beyond doubt  indicate  determine  establish

89

ill-fated/ɪl-ˈfeɪtɪd/

نگون‌بخت بدفرجام

صفت

As any camper who has had the misfortune to experience an ill-fated camping trip knows, the key to success is preparation.
He still recalled the look she'd given him before they left in the ill-fated helo.

doomed  blighted  condemned  damned  cursed

90

parking space/ˈpɑrkɪŋ speɪs/

جای پارک

اسم

91

cartoon/kɑrˈtuːn/

کارتون داستان مصور

اسم

The cartoon did not last so long.
A cartoon of this composition in the Esterhazy collection at Vienna is held to be only a copy, and the original cartoon must be regarded as lost.

caricature  parody  lampoon  satire  travesty
distorted drawing

92

incompetent/ɪnˈkɑmpətənt/

بی‌صلاحیت بی‌کفایت، نالایق

صفت

The Parkside men in blue were noth­ing but a bunch of incompetent misfits who should all be fired, so continued the tirade.
In 1886, the year in which the Rand mines were discovered, President Kruger was by no means a popular man even among his own followers; as an administrator of internal affairs he had shown himself grossly incompetent, and it was only the specious success of his negotiations with the British government which had retained him any measure of support.

inept  unskilful  unskilled  inexpert  amateurish

93

face/feɪs/

مواجه شدن رو به رو شدن

فعل

She made a face at him.
She turned her face away from him.

countenance  physiognomy  profile  features
mug  kisser

94

true/truː/

واقعی راست

صفت

A few months ago she didn't know the true meaning of love.
It was true, she didn't know him.

accurate  correct  verifiable  faithful  literal

95

action/ˈæk.ʃən/

فیلم هیجانی فیلم اکشن

اسم

This book is a call to action, not complacency.
She turned away, embarrassed by the rush of excitement the action had triggered.

deed  act  activity  move  gesture

96

marry/ˈmɛri/

ازدواج کردن

فعل

be married  get married  wed  be wed  become man and wife

97

actual/ˈæk.tʃu.əl/

واقعی حقیقی

صفت

Yet even now there were no actual facts to go upon.
When was the last time they had an actual conversation?

real  true  genuine  authentic  verified

98

consequence/ˈkɑnsəkwəns/

پیامد نتیجه، اثر

اسم

It was a consequence of her sin.
In consequence her mind is not only vigorous, but it is pure.

result  upshot  outcome  out-turn  sequel

99

lately/ˈleɪt.li/

اخیرا جدیدا

قید

Have I told you lately that I love you?
I don't know what's been bothering you lately, but if I've done something, I wish you would tell me.

recently  of late  latterly  in the past few days  in the last couple of weeks

100

stuck/stʌk/

گیر کرده

صفت

He'll be stuck to that TV for hours.
The woman stuck out her hand.

fixed  fastened  attached  glued  pinned
immovable

101

involve/ɪnˈvɑlv/

درگیر کردن مشغول کردن

فعل

require  necessitate  demand  call for
entail  mean

102

accidentally/ˌæk.sɪˈden.təl.i/

تصادفا اتفاقی

قید

I can cover up the girls who accidentally get hit by cars.
The gates have locks on them so that they won't be accidentally left open.

fortuitously  by accident  by chance  by a mere chance  by a twist of fate

103

run/rʌn/

اداره کردن کنترل کردن، مدیریت کردن

فعل

I didn't run away.
I could have run away from my father, as I wanted to.

sprint  race  dart  rush  dash

104

show/ʃoʊ/

برنامه نمایش

اسم

I'll show you where you can sleep.
Almost three-quarters of all defense spending occurs within NATO countries, meaning the alliance is largely the only military show in town.

be visible  be seen  be in view  manifest
appear  be revealed

105

character/ˈkær.ɪk.tər/

شخصیت کاراکتر (در فیلم، آثار ادبی و تاریخی و ...)

اسم

It was totally out of character for her.
"Every country has its own character," said he.

personality  nature  disposition  temperament  temper

106

favorite/ˈfeɪ.və.rɪt/

مورد علاقه

صفت

She's my favorite character.
Riding horses was one of her favorite pastimes, and the country out that way was gorgeous - winter or summer.

best-loved  most-liked  favoured  dearest  treasured

107

poor/pɔːr/

فقیر تهیدست

صفت

The poor kid is feeling deserted.
"I was raised poor," Carmen said.

poverty-stricken  impoverished  necessitous  beggarly  in penury

108

growth/ɡroʊθ/

رشد افزایش

اسم

Two parties had developed with the growth of the Church.
After 1890 growth was slower but continuous.

increase  expansion  augmentation  proliferation  multiplication

109

recently/ˈriː.sənt.li/

اخیرا جدیدا

قید

You have been in Paris recently, I believe?
Did he kill someone here recently and decide it was a nice place to keep?

not long ago  a short time ago  in the last few days  in the last few months  in the last few weeks

110

punishment/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

مجازات تنبیه

اسم

"What will the punishment be, Mr. Johnson?" asked a bold, bad boy.
No other punishment fell on the man.

penalizing  punishing  disciplining
retribution  damnation
chastising  chastisement
penalty

111

disturbing/dɪˈstɜrbɪŋ/

نگران‌کننده ناراحت‌کننده

صفت

Look, I don't want anything disturbing that property!
He closed his eyes, happy that the disturbing dream had turned into something lovely.

worrying  perturbing  troubling  concerning  upsetting
distressing

112

frankly/ˈfræŋ.kli/

صادقانه

قید

Quite frankly, he was never sure he could trust her.
Frankly, I was shocked by Quinn's comments.

to be frank  to be honest  to tell you the truth  to be truthful  in all honesty

113

screen/skrin/

صفحه نمایش

اسم

She unhooked the screen and pushed it out.
She looked from the computer screen to the phone with the flashing red light.

partition  divider  room divider  dividing wall  separator

114

affect/əˈfɛkt/

تحت تاثیر قرار دادن تغییر دادن

فعل

I didn't think about how it might affect you if I got hurt out there.
It wasn't possible that it could affect their life together.

influence  exert influence on  have an effect on  act on  work on

115

main/meɪn/

اصلی

صفت

His main sin appears to be his poor timing.
It was a mine portal, smaller than the main entrance to the Lucky Pup.

principal  chief  head  leading  foremost

116

Irish/ˈaɪrɪʃ/

ایرلندی

صفت

Irish and French share common ancestors.
"I'm actually not Irish," Yully said.

117

gang/gæŋ/

دسته جنایتکاران باند

اسم

I think she might be involved in some sort of gang or something.
Whatever happened, it wasn't because of a gang, and they were smart enough to know the difference between reality and what they saw on TV.

band  group  crowd  pack  horde

118

thought-provoking/θɔt-prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

تامل‌برانگیز

صفت

chairwoman of the festival council who lives in Swiss Cottage, the aim is to produce thought-provoking events.
Broken is often a frustrating read in that each chapter requires contemplation due to the thought-provoking themes it touches upon.

interesting  provocative  stimulating  intriguing  inspiring

119

conflict/ˈkɑnflɪkt/

کشمکش تضاد، درگیری

اسم

You can't avoid conflict all the time.
There was a conflict of loyalties.

dispute  quarrel  squabble  disagreement  difference of opinion

120

conclusion/kənˈkluː.ʒən/

نتیجه نتیجه‌گیری، پایان

اسم

In conclusion she asked her mother if she should like to see "very high mountain and beautiful cloudcaps."
He came to the conclusion that she, too, needed time to heal.

end  ending  finish  close  closure

121

report/rɪˈpɔːrt/

گزارش دادن

فعل

Send me a report when you're done.
My account for the report is finished and sent off.

announce  describe  give an account of  tell of  detail

122

bloody/ˈblʌd.i/

خونین پر از کشتار و خونریزی

صفت

Rob was holding a bloody cloth over his nose.
He dabbed a bloody cuticle as we discussed how to handle the call.

bleeding  shedding blood  emitting blood  raw  gaping
bloodstained

123

attitude/ˈæt̬.əˌtuːd/

نگرش طرز برخورد

اسم

She was tired of fighting, tired of his attitude, tired of everything.
He's put up with my attitude for a lot of years.

point of view  view  viewpoint  vantage point  frame of mind

124

countryside/ˈkʌn.triːˌsɑɪd/

ییلاقات مناطق روستایی

اسم

Do you ever miss the countryside? she asked.
In the countryside the insurrection was accompanied by wholesale burnings of manor-rolls, the hunting down of unpopular bailiffs and landlords, and a special crusade against the commissioners of the poll-tax and the justices who had been enforcing the Statute of Laborers.

landscape  scenery  surroundings  setting  environment
terrain

125

develop/dɪˈvel.əp/

رشد یافتن پرورش یافتن

فعل

The second crop of cabbage was starting to develop, and the okra looked good.
They were already beginning to develop different personalities.

grow  evolve  mature  expand  enlarge

126

traffic/ˈtræf.ɪk/

ترافیک آمدوشد، عبور و مرور

اسم

In town doing traffic control, I guess.
The traffic was the pits.

vehicles  cars  lorries  trucks
congestion  traffic jam

127

edge/edʒ/

لبه

اسم

He stood and walked to the edge of the pond.
He sat down on the edge of the bed, staring at his feet... and then keeled over on the bed.

border  boundary  extremity  fringe
margin  side

128

rich/rɪtʃ/

ثروتمند

صفت

The rich have always had this luxury.
If I had, I'd be a rich man, wouldn't I?

wealthy  affluent  moneyed  cash rich  well off

129

weird/wɪrd/

عجیب غریب

صفت

It's weird talking to him.
Something weird going on here.

uncanny  eerie  unnatural  preternatural  supernatural

130

grow/groʊ/

رشد کردن بزرگ شدن

فعل

They all grow up.
I want to grow old with him.

get bigger  get taller  get larger  increase in size  increase in weight

131

spectacular/spɛkˈtækjələr/

تماشایی فوق‌العاده، پرشکوه

صفت

It really is as spectacular as he described.
The view from the top was spectacular, the snow perfect and the trail empty of other skiers.

impressive  magnificent  splendid  dazzling  sensational

132

ocean liner/ˈoʊʃən ˈlaɪnər/

کشتی مسافربری کشتی اقیانوس‌پیما

اسم

133

last/læst/

دوام داشتن دوام آوردن، طول کشیدن

فعل

Toward what place was the eagle flying when you last saw it?
I hope not the way they did the last time.

rearmost  rear  hindmost  bringing up the rear  nearest the rear

134

infinitive/ɪnˈfɪn.ə.tɪv/

مصدر [شکل ساده فعل]

اسم

B is replaced by the surd pat the end of a word (trobar in the infinitive, but trop in the present tense); so also in the interiOr of a word when it precedes a consonant (supvensr, s u b v e n i re, sopte, s u b t 0).
It seems that all the above classes may be divided into two main groups, according to the form of the infinitive :with masculine infinitive the strong triliteral type, and with feminine infinitive the type of the III.

135

own/oʊn/

داشتن صاحب (چیزی) بودن

فعل

Was it greedy to want one of their own as well?
They must be cultivating their own language.

personal  individual  particular  private  personalized

136

director/dəˈrɛktər/

مدیر کارگردان، متصدی

اسم

You're a vital asset and the director knows it.
The director lived in a Georgetown mansion with his wife and two dogs.

administrator  manager  chairman  chairwoman  chairperson

137

according to/əˈkɔːrd.ɪŋ.tuː/

طبق مطابق، بر اساس

حرف اضافه

as stated by  as maintained by  as claimed by  on the authority of  on the report of

138

adaptation/ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/

اقتباس برگرفته از

اسم

Progress is the result of adaptation, rather than reconstruction.
The short feet of the penguins are an adaptation.

converting  conversion  alteration  modification  adjustment

139

violent/ˈvaɪələnt/

خشمگین خشونت آمیز، خشن

صفت

I think you mean not as violent as I am.
I was just ... well, the storm was so violent, and it was so cold.

brutal  vicious  savage  harsh  rough

140

just/dʒʌst/

تازگی الان، چند لحظه پیش

قید

I just did it.
I guess she just wanted to say goodbye.

fair  fair-minded  equitable  even-handed  impartial

141

trade/treɪd/

تجارت داد و ستد، خرید و فروش

اسم

I have something you want and will trade her for it.
Carigara is open to coast trade, exports large quantities of hemp, raises much rice, and manufactures cotton and abaca fabrics.

commerce  buying and selling  dealing  traffic  trafficking

142

toward/tɔːrd/

نسبت به

حرف اضافه

He took a step toward her.
As they continued toward the house, he cleared his throat.

in the direction of  to  toward  so as to approach  so as to near
on the way to

143

stand/stænd/

تحمل کردن

فعل

Don't just stand there.
He can't stand to sit around and do nothing.

be on one's feet  be upright  be erect  be vertical
rise  rise to one's feet

144

tolerate/ˈtɑːləreɪt/

تحمل کردن

فعل

She said she couldn't tolerate his moods.
There's one creature who can tolerate you, and that's me.

allow  permit  authorize  sanction  condone

145

late/leɪt/

دیر دیر وقت، اواخر

قید

It's late, and I'm tired.
It's not too late to change your mind.

behind time  behind schedule  behind  behindhand
not on time  unpunctual

146

rest/rest/

بقیه باقی

اسم

The rest of the ride was pleasant.
He dumped the rest of his coffee in the sink and left the room.

relax  take a rest  ease off  ease up  let up

147

behave/bəˈheɪv/

رفتار کردن

فعل

I will teach you afresh, unless you behave better.
Resolved to behave as naturally as she could, she stripped and turned up the shower as hot as she could tolerate.

act correctly  act properly  conduct oneself well  act in a polite way  show good manners

148

unforgettable/ˌʌn.fərˈget̬.ə.bəl/

فراموش‌نشدنی

صفت

I've a bet with Leland—a night of unforgettable pleasure for him against a new golf outfit for me.
It was an unforgettable day and Dean never once thought of the missing Mr. Byrne until mid-afternoon while they were taking a short break and Cynthia mentioned his name.

memorable  indelible  never to be forgotten  not to be forgotten  fixed in the mind

149

novel/ˈnɑvəl/

رمان

اسم

Sounds like a dime novel, doesn't it?
Her first independent novel, Indiana, was written.

book  paperback  hardback
story  tale  narrative

150

sink/sɪŋk/

غرق شدن

فعل

She moved to the sink and turned on the water.
She dropped her glass in the sink and took a step backward.

become submerged  be engulfed  go down  drop  fall

151

civil war/ˈsɪvəl wɔr/

جنگ داخلی

اسم

152

bloodshed/ˈblʌdˌʃɛd/

کشت و کشتار

اسم

I know bloodshed isn't your thing.
His most severe measures were taken in cold blood, as part of his general policy; but his natural disposition was averse to unnecessary bloodshed or cruelty.

slaughter  slaying  killing  carnage  butchery

153

still/stɪl/

هنوز

قید

It is still a famous school.
When they turned around, Alex was still on the horse.

motionless  unmoving  without moving  without moving a muscle  stock-still

154

wish list/wɪʃ lɪst/

فهرست دلخواه

اسم

155

research/rɪˈsɜrtʃ/

پژوهش تحقیق

اسم

investigation  experimentation  testing  exploration  analysis

156

millionaire/ˌmɪljəˈnɛr/

میلیونر پولدار

اسم

Astor, the son of Washington Irving's millionaire hero.
As early as 1668, Sir Josiah Child, the millionaire governor of the East India company, pleaded for their naturalization on the score of their commercial utility.

157

animated film/ˈænəˌmeɪtəd fɪlm/

انیمیشن کارتون

اسم

158

mystery/ˈmɪstəri/

راز رمز، معما، رازآلود، معمایی

اسم

I like a mystery without dead bodies.
If you read some of these here mystery books, you'd pick up lots of point­ers for that job of yours.

puzzle  enigma  conundrum  riddle  secret

159

so far/soʊ fɑr/

تا الان

قید

until now  up till now  up to now  up to this point  as yet

160

would like/wʊd laɪk/

خواستن

فعل

161

tend/tɛnd/

میل داشتن گرایش داشتن، عادت داشتن

فعل

We tend to never forget.
Folks around here tend to wear gloves in the winter when it gets that nippy.

be inclined  be apt  be disposed  be prone  be liable

162

instantly/ˈɪnstəntli/

فورا بلافاصله، در یک آن

قید

She was instantly thirsty.
Instantly she knew that wasn't true.

immediately  at once  straight away  right away  instantaneously

163

control/kənˈtroʊl/

کنترل کردن مهار کردن

فعل

I can't control it yet.
Yully struggled to control it and then surrendered.

jurisdiction  sway  power  authority  command

164

aggression/əˈgrɛʃən/

پرخاشگری خشونت

اسم

His kiss had been an act of aggression, not passion.
The leaders of the national movement prepared to resist further aggression by force.

hostility  aggressiveness  belligerence  bellicosity  antagonism

165

epic/ˈepɪk/

حماسه داستان و شعر حماسی

اسم

In early times the war of the Epigoni was a favourite subject of epic poetry.
His bond to Katie tempered what was otherwise a disaster of epic proportions.

heroic poem  long poem  long story
saga  legend  romance



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