پسوندهای صفت‌ساز


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

employer/ɪmˈplɔɪ.ər/

کارفرما

اسم

He's my employer, nothing else.
I seek an alliance against my former employer and to regain my place at the Council, Sasha answered.

boss  manager  manageress  patron  proprietor

2

stupidity/stuˈpɪdɪti/

ابلهی حماقت

اسم

I asked, immediately realizing the stupidity of the question.
The whole comedy is a study of stupidity and baseness acted on by roguery.

lack of intelligence  unintelligence  foolishness  denseness  brainlessness

3

elect/ɪˈlɛkt/

انتخاب کردن (از طریق رای گیری) برگزیدن

فعل

They therefore elect elders, who expound the Scriptures, baptize and hear confessions.
24, whom Neander regards as elect disciples of Sergius.

vote  vote for  vote in  choose  choose by ballot

4

computer/kəmˈpjuːtər/

رایانه کامپیوتر

اسم

A computer can do some tasks better than a person can. 
I haven't been near a computer since before I left.

5

operator/ˈɑːpəreɪtər/

اپراتور متصدی

اسم

The operator should be FIG.
She was forbidden to engage the operator in any conversation and make the call as brief as possible.

machinist  mechanic  operative  engineer  driver

6

improve/ɪmˈpruːv/

پیشرفت کردن

فعل

Maybe his mood would improve, anyway.
"You will find your chances improve if you do exactly as I say," he said.

make better  better  ameliorate  upgrade  refine

7

election/ɪˈlek.ʃən/

انتخابات

اسم

The election is weeks off.
I'm running for election against this guy.

ballot  vote  poll  referendum  plebiscite

8

improvement/ɪmˈpruːv.mənt/

بهبود پیشرفت

اسم

He recognized that considerable improvement had already taken place.
I see an improvement in Helen day to day, almost from hour to hour.

advance  development  upgrade  change for the better  refinement

9

pop singer/pɑp ˈsɪŋər/

خواننده پاپ

اسم

10

director/dəˈrɛktər/

مدیر کارگردان، متصدی

اسم

You're a vital asset and the director knows it.
The director lived in a Georgetown mansion with his wife and two dogs.

administrator  manager  chairman  chairwoman  chairperson

11

govern/ˈgʌvərn/

حکومت کردن (سیاست) اداره کردن، کنترل کردن (شهر و کشور و ...)

فعل

Money shouldn't govern your decision.
He always tried to govern his thinking by logic.

rule  preside over  be in power over  reign over  control

12

weak/wiːk/

ناتوان ضعیف

صفت

She was too weak to move.
It was all she could do to remain upright on tingling weak legs.

frail  feeble  puny  fragile  delicate

13

activity/ækˈtɪvəti/

فعالیت کار

اسم

Their activity is off the charts.
No cell phone activity on either Jessi or her cousin.

bustle  hustle and bustle  busyness  action  liveliness

14

similar/ˈsɪmələr/

مشابه شبیه

صفت

We have a similar sense of humor, I think.
The forest was similar but there was a trail I followed for a time.

alike  the same  much the same  indistinguishable  close

15

weakness/ˈwiːk.nəs/

ضعف نقص، سستی

اسم

The memory of her weakness for him was all too fresh.
At the first sight of weakness, her cause would be lost.

frailty  feebleness  enfeeblement  puniness  fragility

16

happiness/ˈhæp.iː.nəs/

خوشحالی خوشبختی

اسم

I wish you all the happiness you so deserve.
Is being in control so important that you're willing to sacrifice the happiness of your only son?

contentment  pleasure  contentedness  satisfaction  cheerfulness

17

journalist/ˈʤɜrnələst/

خبرنگار روزنامه‌نگار

اسم

About the same period began his activities as a journalist and publicist.
CHARLES EMORY SMITH (1842-1908), American journalist and political leader, was born in Mansfield, Connecticut, on the 18th of February 1842.

reporter  correspondent  newsman  newswoman  newspaperman

18

shop/ʃɑp/

مغازه فروشگاه

اسم

It was too early for the silver shop to be open.
And here's the little shop where we used to buy gingerbread!

store  retail store  outlet  retail outlet  reseller

19

actor/ˈæk.tər/

هنرپیشه بازیگر

اسم

He was a spectator rather than an actor on the stage of the world.
Hitherto the actor had walked the stage in modern dress.

performer  player  trouper  theatrical  dramatic artist

20

stupid/ˈstuː.pɪd/

احمق ابله، نادان

صفت

I did a stupid thing last night.
It was a stupid question, of course.

unintelligent  ignorant  dense  brainless  mindless

21

translator/trænsˈleɪtər/

مترجم

اسم

Kiera tapped her translator and shook her head.
His woman was speaking too quickly for the translator to keep up.

interpreter  transcriber  transliterator  paraphraser  decipherer
linguist

22

illness/ˈɪl.nəs/

بیماری

اسم

There is serious illness in her family.
She was terrified by his illness, and yet that was just what she needed.

sickness  disease  ailment  disorder  complaint

23

professional/prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/

حرفه‌ای مجرب

صفت

white-collar  executive  non-manual
paid  salaried  non-amateur

24

government/ˈgʌvərmənt/

دولت دولتی

اسم

We have no control over what the government does.
Government is a great achievement of civilization.

administration  executive  regime  authority  powers that be

25

similarity/ˌsɪm.əˈlær.ət̬.i/

شباهت تشابه

اسم

There is a marked similarity to them.
Her longtime friend was impossible to read, as usual, and she saw the similarity in features between him and Andre.

resemblance  likeness  sameness  similar nature  similitude

26

manage/ˈmænɪdʒ/

مدیریت کردن گرداندن، اداره کردن

فعل

How did he manage to keep everything in such good condition?
Jonny, I can't manage this guy.

be in charge of  run  be head of  head  direct

27

professional/prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/

حرفه‌ای مجرب

اسم

white-collar  executive  non-manual
paid  salaried  non-amateur

28

economist/ɪˈkɑn.ə.mɪst/

اقتصاددان

اسم

As to his position as an economist, opinion is also divided.
That originality and independence became more conspicuous when he reached his second stage as a political economist, struggling forward towards the standpoint from which his systematic work was written.

29

artist/ˈɑːrtɪst/

هنرمند نقاش

اسم

Everyone wanted to meet the artist and discuss the work they were interested in.
He was a master printer and an artist of the first order.

creator  originator  designer  producer  fine artist
old master
begetter
expert

30

jog/dʒɑːɡ/

(آهسته) دویدن (به منظور ورزش کردن)

فعل

Jeff used to jog and all but he got a bum knee.
Dean didn't stop to answer as he broke into a jog with Fred hustling to keep up.

run slowly  jogtrot  dogtrot  trot  lope
go jogging
continue

31

spell/spel/

هجی کردن

فعل

I think you put a spell on me, sweetheart.
Like Dracula, he was putting her under his spell again.

lead to  result in  bring about  bring on  cause

32

jog/dʒɑːɡ/

دوی آهسته پیاده روی تند

اسم

Jeff used to jog and all but he got a bum knee.
Dean didn't stop to answer as he broke into a jog with Fred hustling to keep up.

run slowly  jogtrot  dogtrot  trot  lope
go jogging
continue

33

spelling/ˈspel.ɪŋ/

هجی املا

اسم

The spelling also is interesting.
As regards the English spelling of the name adopted throughout the Ency.

lead to  result in  bring about  bring on  cause

34

management/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/

مدیریت

اسم

This left the management of the business to the other three.
Jonathan had band practice with his friends and Alex was in his recliner, reading a letter from a wildlife management area in Colorado.

administration  running  managing  organization
charge  care

35

psychologist/sɑɪˈkɑl.ə.dʒɪst/

روانشناس

اسم

The psychologist investigates the ideal construction of the self, i.e.
The psychologist and the formal logician do indeed join hands in the denial of a real movement of thought in syllogism.

36

bus driver/bʌs ˈdraɪvər/

راننده اتوبوس

اسم

37

jogging/ˈʤɑgɪŋ/

[آهسته] دویدن

اسم

Betsy and I met last fall while jogging in Central Park.
The jogging blonde had his attention.

run slowly  jogtrot  dogtrot  trot  lope
go jogging
continue

38

manager/ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.ər/

مدیر

اسم

In his sixteenth year he entered the office of his father, who was partner and manager of a firm of engineers.
He soon, however, became entirely engrossed with colonial affairs, and, having impressed John Stuart Mill, Colonel Torrens and other leading economists with the value of his ideas, became a leading though not a conspicuous manager of the South Australian Company, by which the colony of South Australia was ultimately founded.

executive  head of department  line manager  supervisor  principal

39

inform/ɪnˈfɔːrm/

اطلاع دادن آگاه کردن، خبر دادن

فعل

"Inform the prince that I the bridge fired!" said the colonel triumphantly and gaily.
Allow me to inform you...

tell  let someone know  notify  apprise  advise

40

discuss/dɪˈskʌs/

مطرح کردن حرف زدن، در میان گذاشتن

فعل

They could discuss it privately when they got home.
We'll discuss that later.

talk over  talk about  talk through  converse about  debate

41

murder/ˈmɜːrdər/

به قتل رساندن آدم کشتن

فعل

The murder happened days, maybe weeks ago.
Check into the murder of a woman named Brenda Washington in Omaha, Nebraska.

killing  homicide  assassination  liquidation  extermination

42

murder/ˈmɜːrdər/

قتل (عمد)

اسم

The murder happened days, maybe weeks ago.
Check into the murder of a woman named Brenda Washington in Omaha, Nebraska.

killing  homicide  assassination  liquidation  extermination

43

information/ˌɪn.fərˈmeɪ.ʃən/

اطلاعات

اسم

Getting information about him from Katie is too much work.
Of course, she knew Alex well enough now to know he didn't like people to hand out information about him.

details  particulars  facts  figures  statistics

44

discussion/dɪˈskʌʃ.ən/

بحث گفتگو، مباحثه

اسم

Once decided, there would be no discussion or argument.
This is the first time we've had an honest discussion in about a million years.

conversation  talk  dialogue  discourse  conference

45

ballet/bælˈeɪ/

رقص باله

اسم

A pair of ballet flats caught her attention, and Jessi pulled them on.
At Vienna in 1824 he spent every moment at the Italian opera, the ballet and the picture-galleries.

46

murderer/ˈmɜːrdərər/

قاتل آدم‌کش

اسم

That murderer confessed to the authorities.
A single case of homicide often leads to a series of similar crimes or to protracted warfare between neighbouring families and communities; the murderer, as a rule, takes refuge in the mountains from the avenger of blood, or remains for years shut up in his house.

killer, liquidator, terminator, slaughterer
homicide
slayer



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