درس پنجم - سلامت


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

breathe/briːð/

نفس کشیدن تنفس کردن

فعل

Her chest was too tight for her to breathe deeply.
Rissa forced herself to breathe steadily.

inhale and exhale  respire  draw breath
puff  pant  blow

2

deeply/ˈdiː.pli/

عمیقا به شدت، کاملا

قید

She breathed deeply then told him everything.
He picked up the picture and sighed deeply, meeting her gaze.

greatly  enormously  extremely  very much  to a great degree

3

arm/ɑrm/

بازو دست (از مچ به بالا)

اسم

She touched his arm and he glanced up.
On his arm he carried a small basket.

upper limb  forelimb  appendage
member
sleeve
inlet  creek  cove

4

ear/ɪr/

گوش

اسم

She whispered in my ear, you won't believe it.
She pressed her ear to the door.

organ of hearing
lug
earhole
lughole  shell-like
attention  attentiveness  notice  heed

5

eye/ɑɪ/

چشم نگاه

اسم

I feel the twinkle of his eye in his handshake.
Tears escaped one eye and trailed down his face.

organ of sight  eyeball
peeper
orb
optic
globe
eyesight  vision  sight  power of sight

6

finger/ˈfɪŋ.gər/

انگشت

اسم

I was about to deny, but she put a finger to my lips.
He tapped his finger on the paper.

digit
thumb  index finger  forefinger  first finger  middle finger

7

foot/fʊt/

پا (از انگشت‌ها تا مچ)

اسم

tootsie  trotter
plates of meat
dogs
paw  forepaw  hind paw  hoof

8

hand/hænd/

دست

اسم

It may be that the hand of the Lord is in this.
Still, the feel of his hand was reassuring.

fist  palm
paw  mitt  duke  hook

9

head/hed/

سر

اسم

skull  cranium  crown
nut  noodle  noddle

10

knee/niː/

زانو

اسم

She pat­ted Fred's knee playfully.
She tried to bring a knee into his groin, but he dodged in anticipation.

11

leg/leg/

پا پا (از مچ به بالا)

اسم

"He's just pulling your leg," Martha answered.
After your leg is broken next week.

lower limb  shank
limb  member
crus
stump  peg  pin
upright

12

mouth/mɑʊθ/

دهان

اسم

Carmen's mouth went dry with fear.
His mouth twisted into a sardonic smile.

lips  jaws
maw  muzzle
trap  chops  kisser
gob

13

neck/nek/

گردن

اسم

He pulled her close and kissed her neck softly.
She caught her breath, warmth crawling up her neck again.

nape  scruff
cervix
scrag  halse
kiss  caress  pet
smooch

14

nose/noʊz/

بینی دماغ

اسم

As she turned her head, the spoon distorted her nose, making it look longer and hooked.
"But Jim knows his business all right--don't you, Jim?" patting the long nose of the animal.

snout  muzzle  proboscis  trunk
beak  conk

15

shoulder/ˈʃoʊl.dər/

شانه دوش، کتف

اسم

He patted her shoulder again.
Lisa giggled and he glanced over his shoulder at her.

take on  take on oneself  undertake  accept  assume
bear

16

stomach/ˈstʌm.ək/

شکم معده

اسم

True, but her answer left Carmen's stomach tied in a knot.
Her stomach contracted and then twisted into a knot.

abdomen  belly  gut  middle
tummy  tum

17

wrist/rɪst/

مچ دست

اسم

She sprayed the perfume on her wrist and coughed.
He grabbed her wrist, his eyes flashing fire.

18

back/bæk/

پشت کمر

اسم

spine  backbone  spinal column  vertebral column
dorsum  rachis
rear

19

tooth/tuθ/

دندان

اسم

(Formula, x.l.x.) radula has a number of uniform teeth on each side of the median tooth in each transverse row.
Radula with a median tooth and a single FIG.

fang  denticulation
tusk
denticle
dentition
gnasher
tush
prong  point  tine  cog

20

throat/θroʊt/

گلو

اسم

Jule's throat tightened as he listened to the two of them spar verbally.
Her throat was tight, her eyes blurring from tears.

gullet  oesophagus
windpipe  trachea
crop  craw  maw
neck
pharynx

21

ankle/ˈæŋ.kəl/

مچ پا

اسم

22

toe/toʊ/

انگشت پا

اسم

Fred moved his toe around in the dirt.
He booted it with his toe while holding the rifle at its head.

23

stretch/stretʃ/

کش و قوس دادن کشش انجام دادن

فعل

That's a stretch and a tug.
She heard him stretch out on the ground and within minutes his breathing changed.

be elastic  be stretchy  be stretchable  be tensile
pull  pull out

24

lower/ˈloʊər/

پایین بردن پایین آوردن

فعل

She bit her lower lip.
She rubbed a sore spot in her lower back.

bottom  bottommost  under  underneath  further down

25

repeat/rəˈpiːt/

تکرار کردن

فعل

He had to repeat the question.
Could you repeat that?

say again  restate  reiterate  go through again  go over again

26

breath/breθ/

نفس تنفس

اسم

His breath smelled of liquor.
Taking a deep breath, Carmen started down the stairs.

gulp of air  inhalation  inspiration
exhalation  expiration
sigh
pant  gasp

27

relax/rɪˈlæks/

شل کردن (عضله)

فعل

She was beginning to relax when he launched the question.
Relax, I've got this.

unwind  loosen up  ease off  ease up  let up

28

hold/hoʊld/

نگه داشتن گرفتن

فعل

Can you hold things down for two weeks?
Can you hold lunch for a little bit?

clasp  hold on to  clutch  grasp  grip

29

slowly/ˈsloʊ.li/

به آرامی به آهستگی، آرام آرام

قید

She walked slowly back to the kitchen.
"I still can't understand what you are afraid of," said Prince Andrew slowly, not taking his eyes off his wife.

unhurriedly  without hurrying  at a leisurely pace  at a slow pace  leisurely

30

carefully/ˈker.fə.li/

بادقت بااحتیاط

قید

She carefully lifted an egg.
Deidre pushed herself up carefully, unable to take her eyes off of Gabriel.

31

noisily/ˈnɔɪzəli/

با سر و صدا

قید

The servants ran noisily about the house and yard, shouting and disputing.
At this moment that terrible door burst noisily open and banged against the wall.

32

health problem/hɛlθ ˈprɑbləm/

مشکل سلامتی بیماری

عبارت

33

backache/ˈbæk.eɪk/

کمر درد

اسم

Some women experience lower backache starting in early pregnancy.
backache caused by locals stretching for their wallets.

34

cold/koʊld/

سرماخوردگی

اسم

Let's get in out of this cold wind.
She felt as though a cold hand grasped her stomach and squeezed hard.

chilly  cool  freezing  icy  snowy

35

cough/kɑf/

سرفه گرفتگی گلو و سینه

اسم

Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days.
Her hacking cough had become unproductive, and even breathing was a chore.

hack  rasp  croak  wheeze  tickle in one's throat
bark

36

earache/ˈɪr.eɪk/

گوش درد

اسم

You may have an earache or a feeling of fullness in your ear.
Sometimes when you have a sore throat, you also get earache too.

37

fever/ˈfivər/

تب

اسم

She'd felt it last night, too, before … before the fever dream about them having sex.
The strange fever remained, making her feel as if she'd been sitting in a sauna for hours.

feverishness  high temperature  febricity  febrility
shivering
delirium
pyrexia
temperature  temp
calenture
ferment

38

flu/fluː/

آنفلوآنزا

اسم

His place is as busy as a country doctor's waiting room in flu season.
A deeper ache, as if she had the flu and every muscle in her body was on fire, was made worse by sleeping on the cold floor.

39

headache/ˈhed.eɪk/

سردرد

اسم

She stormed out, blood pulsing and headache growing.
Do you have a headache by chance?

sore head  migraine
neuralgia
head
cephalalgy  hemicrania
nuisance  trouble  problem

40

sore throat/sɔr θroʊt/

گلو درد

اسم

41

stomachache/ˈstʌm.əkˌeɪk/

دل درد شکم درد

اسم

If you eat too many of them, you may get a stomachache, but that's about it.
A chronic stomachache, for example, could be a legitimate medical condition.

indigestion, dyspepsia
colic, gripe
bellyache, tummy ache, collywobbles

42

toothache/ˈtuːθ.eɪk/

دندان درد

اسم

The uses of chloroform which fall to be mentioned here are: - as a counter-irritant; as a local anaesthetic for toothache due to caries, it being applied on a cotton wool plug which is inserted into the carious cavity; as an antispasmodic in tetanus and hydrophobia; and as the best and most immediate and effective antidote in cases of strychnine poisoning.
For example, a mercurial pill at night, followed by salts and senna in the morning, will often relieve the pain in toothache or gum-boil, and lessen inflammation not only in the mouth, but other parts of the body as well.

43

health/helθ/

سلامت سلامتی

اسم

Any deaf child or deaf and blind child in good health can be taught.
We even have health insurance.

good physical condition  healthiness  fitness  physical fitness  well-being

44

healthy/ˈhel.θi/

سالم مفید (برای سلامتی)

صفت

in good physical condition  in good health  well  all right  fine

45

habit/ˈhæbət/

عادت

اسم

They had a habit of disappearing.
It gets to be a habit after all these years.

practice  custom  pattern  routine  style

46

eat/iːt/

خوردن

فعل

We're going to eat before we leave, and you're going to act grateful.
"I eat in here," he said.

consume  devour  ingest  partake of  gobble

47

balanced/ˈbælənst/

متوازن متعادل، منصفانه

صفت

She wobbled and balanced herself against the wall.
The compass needle is a little steel magnet balanced upon a pivot; one end of the needle, which always bears a distinguishing mark, points approximately, but not in general exactly, to the north,' the vertical plane through the direction of the needle being termed the magnetic meridian.

fair  equitable  just  unbiased  unprejudiced

48

diet/ˈdɑɪ.ət/

رژیم غذایی

اسم

"I'm on a diet," he answered.
Diet looked like the best choice.

selection of food  food and drink  food  foodstuffs  provisions

49

wash/wɒʃ/

شستن تمیز کردن، پاک کردن

فعل

Give me one of those polo shirts and I'll go wash up.
Now go wash up for supper.

clean oneself  have a wash  wash oneself
bathe  bath  shower

50

protect/prəˈtekt/

محافظت کردن

فعل

They are elected or appointed to protect the rights of the citizens, yet they become the agents of their death.
"I can't protect you," she said.

keep safe  keep from harm  save  safeguard  shield

51

skin/skɪn/

پوست

اسم

If she wanted a small object and was given a large one, she would shake her head and take up a tiny bit of the skin of one hand between the thumb and finger of the other.
Even though her skin now had a healthy tan, the sun was doing its best to burn it.

epidermis  dermis
cuticle  cutis  corium  derma

52

lift/lɪft/

بلند کردن

فعل

That I did not lift my arm a moment later does not prove that I could have abstained from lifting it then.
Lift the far side of the rock toward you.

raise  hoist  heave  haul up  uplift

53

weight/weɪt/

وزنه بار

اسم

The boxes were heavy, so carrying two of them was too much weight to handle.
They needed to gain a little weight before they would be released from the hospital, though.

heaviness  mass  load  burden  pressure

54

go for a walk/goʊ fɔr ə wɔk/

پیاده روی کردن برای قدم زدن رفتن

عبارت

55

exercise/ˈek.sərˌsɑɪz/

تمرین کردن ورزش کردن، ورزیده کردن

فعل

I see you're getting your exercise for the day.
You've had enough exercise for today.

physical activity  movement  exertion  effort  work
a workout

56

daily/ˈdeɪ.li/

روزانه

قید

He thanked me and went about his daily business.
There is daily steam communication (often interrupted in bad weather) with Civitavecchia from Golfo degli Aranci (the mail route), and weekly steamers run from Cagliari to Naples, Genoa (via the east coast of the island), Palermo and Tunis, and from Porto Torres to Genoa (calling at Bastia in Corsica and Leghorn) and Leghorn direct.

done every day  occurring every day  produced every day  everyday  day-to-day

57

get enough sleep/gɛt ɪˈnʌf slip/

به قدر کافی خوابیدن خواب کافی داشتن

عبارت

58

breakfast/ˈbrek.fəst/

صبحانه

اسم

59

energy/ˈen.ər.dʒi/

انرژی قدرت، حال

اسم

The boy was no longer sleepy, but full of energy and excitement.
Now put that energy into walking.

vitality  vigour  life  liveliness  animation

60

how often/haʊ ˈɔfən/

هر چند وقت

قید

61

how long/haʊ lɔŋ/

چه مدت

قید

62

how/hɑʊ/

چقدر چند

قید

No matter how sorry Alex was for what happened, or how many times he apologized or tried to make up for it, he couldn't remove the hurt.
All she was doing was reminding him how powerless he was.

63

stress out/strɛs aʊt/

استرس داشتن استرس گرفتن

فعل



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