درس 6


ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

fall asleep/fɔl əˈslip/

به خواب رفتن

فعل

doze off  drop off  go to sleep
nod off  go off  drift off

2

orchestra/ˈɔːr.kɪ.strə/

ارکستر گروه نوازندگان

اسم

The diameter of the orchestra is 762 ft.
As the light faded from the treetops, the birds grew silent and insects began their orchestra of night sounds.

ensemble
band

3

villa/ˈvɪlə/

ویلا خانه ییلاقی

اسم

He died in his villa at Tusculum, regretted and esteemed by all.
Among them the Villa Litta and the Villa Ponte may be specially mentioned.

4

pillow/ˈpɪl.oʊ/

بالش متکا

اسم

She threw the pillow over her head, drawing the light blanket up against her chin.
She fluffed the pillow and changed position, unable to sleep.

cushion  bolster  headrest  pad  support

5

chauffeur/ʃoʊˈfɜːr/

شوفر راننده شخصی

اسم

If you are not booking a travel package, which includes a private chauffeur or tour guide, be sure to let others know about your whereabouts.
A chauffeur opened the door to a town car waiting at the curb nearest her apartment building.

6

soprano/səˈprɑːnoʊ/

سوپرانو نوعی صدای زیر زنانه در اپرا

اسم

Trombones often played with the three lower voices, a practice of high antiquity surviving from a time when there were soprano trombones or cornetti (Zincken, a sort of treble serpent) to play with the sopranos.
Perry knew the song was to be used in the final scene and assumed that it would be playing as Tony Soprano was killed or arrested - something he wanted no part of.

7

syndrome/ˈsɪndroʊm/

نشانگان سندرم

اسم

8

sheet/ʃiːt/

روتختی ملافه

اسم

She grabbed a pen and a notepad, hesitating a second before pulling the top sheet off the notepad.
He tore a sheet of paper from Fred's pad and scribbled the number.

bed linen  linen  bedclothes
layer  stratum
covering  blanket

9

piece/piːs/

قطعه عدد، برگ

اسم

Now cut me a piece of that pie.
He turned his attention to the fire and tucked another piece of bark into the bright coals.

bit  section  slice  chunk  segment

10

chef/ʃef/

آشپز (حرفه‌ای)

اسم

By this time he had already entered into politics; he had been chef du cabinet of Jules Ferry (1879-1881), though this did not distract him from his literary work.
By 1794 he was adjutant-general (with the rank of chef de brigade).

cook  cordon bleu cook  food preparer
head chef  sous chef  commis chef

11

profoundly/proʊˈfaʊndli/

عمیقا زیاد

قید

Few men of the period so profoundly impressed their mark on Jewish life.
His position as a younger son profoundly influenced his future career.

extremely  very  deeply  exceedingly  greatly

12

jet-lagged/ˈdʒet læɡd/

پرواززده خسته و خواب‌آلود (به خاطر اختلاف ساعت و سفر)

صفت

13

virtual reality/ˌvɜr.tʃu.əl.riːˈæl.ət̬.i/

واقعیت مجازی

اسم

14

sleepy/ˈsliːp.i/

خواب‌آلود

صفت

My sleepy greeting was met by a shout.
"Okay," she said in a sleepy voice.

drowsy  tired  somnolent  languid  languorous

15

rhythm/ˈrɪðəm/

ریتم ضرب، نواخت

اسم

He said little else, and her breathing soon fell into rhythm with his.
The style and rhythm, indeed, were not exactly Virgilian; but the translation found many admirers, and was read with pleasure by Pope himself.

beat  cadence  tempo  time  pace

16

alarm/əˈlɑrm/

ساعت زنگدار ساعت کوکی

اسم

I kept thinking I could hear an alarm clock.
The alarm clock beside her bed indicated 2:00 am in large orange numbers.

fear  anxiety  apprehension  trepidation  nervousness

17

solo/ˈsoʊloʊ/

تک نوازی اجرای تک نفره

اسم

Her first solo swing was surprisingly successful.
I guess we have to trust him, but I wish he'd stop going solo and confide in us.

unaccompanied  single-handed  companionless  unescorted  unattended

18

weep/wiːp/

گریه کردن اشک ریختن

فعل

I want to weep for joy.
Try to weep, nothing gives such relief as tears.

cry  shed tears  sob  snivel  whimper

19

symphony/ˈsɪmfəni/

سمفونی

اسم

A symphony of chuckles was the only response.
The musical development of the city was stimulated by the creation of a symphony orchestra.

20

blanket/ˈblæŋ.kɪt/

پتو رو انداز

اسم

He will have a blanket of red each fall.
It was still snowing - huge flakes that lit softly on the heavy blanket of snow on the ground.

cover  covering  rug  afghan  quilt

21

chic/ʃiːk/

شیک

صفت

Megan is one of the chic fighters.
"You look good for a pregnant chic," he said, leaning back.

stylish  smart  elegant  sophisticated  dapper

22

flute/flut/

فلوت

اسم

Less frequently we hear of the flute (pipe) and later also of the fiddle (ficYele).
And now to-night my flute has waked the echoes over that very water.

23

ballet/bælˈeɪ/

رقص باله

اسم

A pair of ballet flats caught her attention, and Jessi pulled them on.
At Vienna in 1824 he spent every moment at the Italian opera, the ballet and the picture-galleries.

24

nightmare/ˈnɑɪt.mer/

کابوس خواب بد

اسم

Lost souls, shut out of the underworld, was the greatest nightmare for Death.
It was the moment she realized her nightmare was beginning.

bad dream  night terrors
incubus
ephialtes
ordeal  horror  torment  trial
burden

25

croissant/krəˈsɑːnt/

کروسان [نان هلالی شکل فرانسوی]

اسم

She reached forward for a croissant and bit into it, almost groaning at the buttery, flaky, airy bread.
She ate another croissant.

26

oversleep/ˌoʊvərˈslip/

خواب ماندن بیش از حد معمول خوابیدن، دیر از خواب بلند شدن

فعل

oversleep in the mornings is Robert's worst habit!
ill-timed wake-up call leads me to oversleep the early morning seminar, one I was looking forward to.

27

violin/ˌvɑɪ.əˈlɪn/

ویولن

اسم

Thus there was quite as much important solo music for the flute as for the violin; and almost more music for the viola da gamba than for the violoncello.
He was good enough with the violin now.

28

snore/snɔːr/

خروپف کردن

فعل

First she heard her mother praying and sighing and the creaking of her bed under her, then Madame Schoss' familiar whistling snore and Sonya's gentle breathing.
As I snore loud I thought better one on my own.

29

encore/ˈɑːŋkɔːr/

اجرای اضافه (در آخر کنسرت) دوباره (فریاد تماشاچی ها)

اسم

Every musician's dream is to one day have a crowd cheer for an encore.
How many times has the band been asked to perform an encore?

repeat performance  extra performance  additional performance  replay  repeat

30

bass guitar/beɪs gɪˈtɑr/

گیتار بیس

اسم

31

fiancé/ˌfiːɑːnˈseɪ/

نامزد (مذکر)

اسم

I'm kissing my fiancé.
Katie emerged in time to see her sister stop beside her fiancé.

betrothed, husband-to-be, future husband, prospective husband, prospective spouse
intended

32

keyboard/ˈkiː.bɔːrd/

کیبورد (موسیقی)

اسم

She began to paw at her computer keyboard, searching.
The keyboard has five keys similar to those of a piano, and the letters and figures are obtained by the different combinations which can be formed by the raised and depressed keys.

33

genre/ˈʒɑːnrə/

ژانر گونه

اسم

Before you begin writing your novel, you must decide on a form and a genre.
Movies in the romantic genre are often cheesy and fake.

34

awake/əˈweɪk/

بیدار

صفت

I was awake half the night.
She was still awake an hour later when Alex came through the door.

35

cello/ˈʧɛloʊ/

ویلن‌سل ویولن بزرگ، چلو

اسم

Her hobbies include photography, surfing, watching rugby and playing the piano and cello.
Their second song, "Out in the Woods," is unbearably poignant with aching cello and strange, pained Eastern European strings.

36

cacophony/kəˈkɑːfəni/

صدای گوش خراش صدای ناهنجار

اسم

A cacophony of bleats, chomping and scuffling of hooves drowned out her words.
Her thoughts were interrupted by a cacophony of squawks and wings beating against the chicken coop walls.

37

yawn/jɔn/

خمیازه کشیدن

فعل

Dean asked with a yawn as the night caught up with him.
Touching a hand to her mouth, she stifled a feigned yawn of boredom.

38

deaf/def/

ناشنوا کر

صفت

hard of hearing  hearing-impaired  with impaired hearing  unhearing  stone deaf

39

architecture/ˈɑrkəˌtɛkʧər/

معماری

اسم

The architecture was fantastic, but not near as exciting as the ride on a ferry.
Unlike Chinese art it has a genius for architecture and sculpture rather than painting.

building design  planning  building  construction
architectonics
building style  design

40

saxophone/ˈsæksəˌfoʊn/

ساکسوفون

اسم

In many ways, they resemble the straps that a saxophone player uses when playing the sax.
The saxophone or bass clarinet is smooth in tone.

41

insomnia/ɪnˈsɑm.ni.ə/

بی‌خوابی

اسم

Insomnia was a blessing from such darkness.
"Insomnia or excitement at learning all about your great-aunt?" he asked.

sleeplessness, wakefulness, restlessness
inability to sleep
watchfulness

42

move/muv/

متاثر ساختن متاثر شدن، موجب (احساس حزن، ترحم و ...) شدن

فعل

I just want to move on.
And yet, Howard made no move to call for help.

go  walk  proceed  progress  advance

43

century/ˈsɛnʧəri/

قرن سده

اسم

We're living in the 21st century, Mary.
After a century, electricity was still being generated.

44

set/set/

کوک کردن تنظیم کردن

فعل

The doctor set a due date of August 17th.
Alex set his cup down beside hers.

put  place  put down  lay  lay down

45

graffiti/ɡrəˈfiːti/

دیوارنگاری گرافیتی، نقاشی دیواری

اسم

Graffiti of pilgrims to the shrine of Isis are dated as late as the end of the 5th century A.D.
In rare cases during the Middle Kingdom (inscriptions in the tomb of Ameni at Beth Hasan, graffiti in the quarries of Hanub) documents were dated in the years of reign of these feudatory nobles.

46

deep/diːp/

عمیق

صفت

She drew a deep breath.
He paced back and forth across the room, deep in thought.

extending far down
cavernous  yawning  gaping  huge  big

47

choir/kwɑɪr/

گروه کر گروه سرود، همخوانان

اسم

Its church has a choir dating from the fifth century.
He's singing like the choir lead at a church revival.

singers, chorus, chorale

48

hypochondriac/ˌhaɪpəˈkɑːndriæk/

خودبیمارانگار مبتلا به خودبیمارانگاری

صفت

"Hypochondriac, not aphro—" "I meant, you're making it up!"
He had become an incurable hypochondriac. He said long after that he had been mad all his life, or at least not perfectly sane; and, in truth, eccentricities less strange than his have often been thought ground sufficient for absolving felons and for setting aside wills.

valetudinarian  valetudinary  neurotic
malade imaginaire
melancholico
hypochondriast
valetudinarian  valetudinary  malingering

49

paparazzi/ˌpæpəˈrætsi/

عکاسان پاپاراتزی

اسم

The fact is shapewear is a popular tool used by stylists to help give their clients that flawless look whether they walk the red carpet or the paparazzi are snapping their photo going into a restaurant.
On a night out whether they're facing a barrage of paparazzi or not!

50

philosophy/fəˈlɑsəfi/

فلسفه

اسم

Did you enjoy the philosophy class?
I wasn't sure that bit of philosophy got us anywhere.

thinking  reasoning  thought  wisdom  knowledge
beliefs

51

sleeping pill/ˈsliːpɪŋ pɪl/

قرص خواب

اسم

52

fast asleep/fæst əˈslip/

خوابیده در خوابی عمیق

صفت

53

concerto/kənˈtʃɜːrtoʊ/

کنسرتو [قطعه‌ای موسیقی برای ارکستر با یک ساز تک‌ نواز]

اسم

The praise given to his concerto for the violin, which was played at the Conservatoire by Mazas, encouraged him to undertake the resetting of the old comic opera, Julie (1811).
- Concerto pathetique (identical with the Konzert-Solo in E minor); Dante symphony; Faust symphony; Poemes symphoniques, 1-12; Beethoven's 9th symphony.

54

sleep like a log/slip laɪk ə lɔg/

به خواب سنگین فرو رفتن مثل خرس خوابیدن

عبارت

55

photograph/ˈfoʊt̬.əˌgræf/

عکس

اسم

Lisa started for her room to get a book to read and paused in the hallway to look at a photograph again.
Dean tried to picture Byrne from his photograph but nothing came to mind.

picture  photo  shot  snap  snapshot

56

nightfall/ˈnaɪtfɔːl/

هنگام غروب

اسم

At nightfall the very few guns still to go were hurried off to the jetties.
Wellington's position at nightfall was very different, and can hardly be termed safe or even satisfactory.

dusk  twilight  sunset  evening  close of day

57

conductor/kənˈdʌktər/

رهبر ارکستر رهبر گروه موسیقی

اسم

As it came to a stop the conductor called out in a loud voice.
This elevated conductor is now called the antenna, aerial wire, or air wire.

58

loyal/ˈlɔɪ.əl/

وفادار باوفا

صفت

She was brilliant, loyal, and sweet.
Elise had been loyal enough to help her.

faithful  true  true-hearted  tried and true  true-blue

59

mezzo-soprano/ˌmetsoʊ səˈprɑːnoʊ/

متزو-سوپرانو گونه ای صدای زنانه در اپرا

اسم

He guessed her to be a mezzo-soprano.
To sing this, Elisabeth would have had to be classically trained, and she would need to sing the highest end of her range if she was indeed a mezzo-soprano.

60

barista/bəˈriːstə/

باریستا قهوه‌چی، کافه‌چی

اسم

She works as a barista at a local coffee shop some afternoons and in a clothing consignment shop on weekends.
The Home Barista also offers fairly comprehensive reviews, particularly for those who love espresso.

61

nap/næp/

چرت

اسم

doze  sleep  sleep lightly  take a nap  catnap

62

macchiato/ˌmækiˈɑːtoʊ/

کافه ماکیاتو (نوشیدنی ایتالیایی)

اسم

63

drum/drʌm/

طبل درام

اسم

thick at the drum end, and weighs 18 tons.
The drum of hooves jerked her attention back to the barn.

beat  rhythm  patter  tap  chatter

64

pray/preɪ/

دعا کردن از خداوند خواستن

فعل

In peace let us pray unto the Lord.
I thank you for it, and pray that God will bless you.

say one's prayers  be at prayer  make one's devotions
offer a prayer  offer a prayers  commune with
invoke

65

chorus/ˈkɔːrəs/

گروه کر گروه هم‌ سرایان

اسم

A chorus of voices yelled down, asking if there were survivors.
He'll become a part of the chorus and sing a song for his friends.

choir  ensemble  choral group  choristers  vocalists

66

bouquet/buˈkeɪ/

دسته گل

اسم

She placed a bouquet of brightly colored flowers on the table.
It has a fine red colour, and unites delicacy and a high bouquet with a sweet elegant taste.

bunch of flowers  posy  nosegay  spray  sprig
wreath

67

sleepwalk/ˈsliˌpwɔk/

خوابگردی کردن درخواب راه رفتن

فعل

Drugs and Alcohol Abuse: Those who abuse or are addicted to drugs or alcohol are more likely to sleepwalk.
Fever can cause an individual to sleepwalk if it is high enough, untreated and the individual is predisposed for sleepwalking genetically.

68

cappuccino/ˌkæp.əˈtʃiː.noʊ/

کاپوچینو

اسم

How about cappuccino or an after dinner drink?
If you've had a latte or cappuccino in a café, you've probably noticed the large, powerful espresso machines used by professional baristas.

69

psychic/ˈsaɪkɪk/

ماوراءالطبیعی فرامادی

صفت

supernatural  paranormal  other-worldly  supernormal  preternatural

70

make a fool of oneself/meɪk ə ful ʌv ˌwʌnˈsɛlf/

مسخره کردن مورد تمسخر قرار دادن

عبارت

71

psychologist/sɑɪˈkɑl.ə.dʒɪst/

روانشناس

اسم

The psychologist investigates the ideal construction of the self, i.e.
The psychologist and the formal logician do indeed join hands in the denial of a real movement of thought in syllogism.

72

siesta/siˈestə/

خواب نیمروز چرت بعد از ظهر

اسم

In his habits he was punctual and regular, transacting his business early in the morning, and enjoying his siesta after a drive.
It took a short siesta at noon, and boomed once more toward night, as the sun was withdrawing his influence.

afternoon sleep  nap  catnap  doze  drowse

73

nostalgia/nəˈstældʒə/

حسرت گذشته دلتنگی، آرزوی گذشته

اسم

She has nostalgia for the past.
Photos of my favorite childhood actors bring on pure nostalgia.

wistfulness  longing for the past  pining for the past  yearning for the past  regret

74

comforter/ˈkʌmfərtər/

لحاف روتختی

اسم

He covered Sofia with a comforter and closed the door to his bedroom behind him.
The soft bed was warm from her body heat, and she found herself running a hand over the downy comforter while she tried to understand the emotions within her.

75

microphone/ˈmaɪkrəfoʊn/

میکروفن بلندگو

اسم

At first it was usual to join the microphone transmitter in the direct circuit.
He wore headphones and spoke into a microphone, simultaneously responding to half a dozen chat windows open on this computer.



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